Vegans

KEY T J A, THOROGOOD M, KEENAN J, LONG A (1992) Raised thyroid stimulating hormone associated with kelp intake in British vegan men. J Hum Nutr Diet. 5 323-6. 

Incorrect Vegans don t eat no dairy products nor meat. Correct Vegans don t eat dairy products or meat. 

Ling WH, Hanninen O. 1991. Shifting from a conventional diet to an uncooked vegan diet reversibly alters fecal hydrolytic activities in humans. J Nutr 122 924-930. 

Cya n ocobalamin (Bir) Homocysteine methyltransferase Methylmalonyi CoA mutase Methionine, SAM Odd-carbon fatty acids, Val, Met, He, Thr MCC pernicious anemia. Also in aging, especially with poor nutrition, bacterial overgrowth of terminal ileum, resection of the terminal ileum secondary to Crohn disease, chronic pancreatitis, and, rarely, vegans, or infection with D. latum Megaloblastic (macrocytic) anemia Progressive peripheral neuropathy. ... 

Risk factors for deficiency Pregnancy (neural tube defects in fetus may result) Alcoholism Severe malnutrition Risk fiictors for deficiency Pernicious anemia Gastric resection Chronic pancreatitis Severe malnutrition Vegan Infection with D. latum... 

These recommendations are based on the complete digestibility of milk or egg protein. Protein from plant sources may be slightly less digestible, and the UK Department of Health recommends that vegetarians and vegans multiply the above figures by a factor of 1.1. 

A problem with vegan diets is whether they can provide snfficient protein and some micronntrients. Foods recommended are whole grains and grain prodncts e.g. wheat, millet, barley, rice, rye, oats, maize, wholemeal breads and pastas) pulses and products made from them (e.g. peas, beans, lentils, tofu) fresh vegetables (including green leafy vegetables and salads) fresh and dried fruits nuts seeds (e.g. sunflower, sesame and pumpkin). 

Two miCTonutrients of particular concern in vegan diets are vitamin B,2 and iron which are normally obtained from meat. A dietary supply of vitamin B,2 can be ensured from sources such as yeast extracts or soya protein. 

It has been shown that flux through the peroxisomal /1-oxidation pathway is limited [5], mainly as a result of the relatively small oxidative capacity of peroxisomes. Subjects on a vegan diet have considerably lower DHA levels compared to omni-... 

AMA 1982). For persons susceptible to hypovitaminosis D, such as those who lack exposure to sunlight (e.g., the elderly), individuals consuming lowfat diets, and vegans, inclusion of fortified vitamin D milk in the diet is particularly important. 

Vegans eat no animal products. They need to take vitamin B12 from fortified foods or supplements. A vegan diet provides most of the benefits of a vegetarian diet when implemented correctly. 

Osteoporosis is a disease or metabolic disturbance, particularly in postmenopausal women, that indicates a need for a very high dietary calcium intake. High calcium requirements appear to be related to the very high protein intake of the modem Western diet. A decreased protein intake, as can be obtained on a total vegetarian (vegan) diet, can allow for calcium balance, in a variety of age groups, from one third to one fifth the amount of daily calcium required with a Western diet. 

My real turning point came when I moved to Hawaii, just after college. The local, seasonal, vegan diet was no problem, with papaya and bananas growing outside my window and tomatoes ripe year-round. But during dinner with my boyfriend one evening, I realized that something else had shifted. 

So I knew I would be carrying some. PBDEs are not bonded molecularly to their products. They are likely sitting on your computer casings and television sets, in your carpets and carpet padding, inyour household dust bunnies and inyour laundry lint filter, on your windows, on your roofing tiles, in your mattress pads and your furniture upholstery, in your food, your milk, and maybe even in your vegan smoothies. Eco-goddesses, beware. 

Eeuugh, Mel approached the effigy afterwards, touched the eyebrows admiringly. What d you make these out of Fred s pubic hair. Turkish Jim motioned politely to the vat. Would you like a glass No thanks I m vegan. Oh it s all vegetable, I can assure you. The chef stopped to inspect it. Is that the acid punch ... 

You really can please all kinds of people with this one. It happens to be vegan, since there are no dairy products in it. That sounds scay to some people, so don t tell them until afier thy ve eaten about three slices ... 

Secret These cookies are vegan, butjoud never know the difference ... 

Answer The vegan diet lacks vitamin Bi2, leading to the increase in homocysteine and methylmalonate (reflecting the deficiencies in methionine synthase and methylmalonic acid mutase, respectively) in individuals on the diet for several years. Dairy products provide some vitamin B12 in the lactovegetarian diet. 

Table 17.6 Haemoglobin levels (g/l) in a group of vegans before and after vitamin B12 supplementation...

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