Value-added development programs

Figure 19.1 The difference between traditional and value-added development programs...

The optimization of value-added processes is a subject that scientists all over the world have been dealing with for more than 70 years. The first basic algorithms for so-called Linear Programming (LP) were developed at American and European universities already in the 1930s, for the first time allowing the planning and simulation of simple business processes. LP soon became the base of the first software systems and even today almost all Supply Chain Management (SCM) or... 

The principal thrust ol Japan s joint research programs is the development of process technologies to reduce conversion costs and development of high value-added products. Energy cost reduction is a prime concern. Opportunities exist in low energy consuming polymerization and spinning... 

First of all, an internal audit on one s own management system needs to be a solid and comprehensive approach in order to determine the effectiveness of management systems. Currently, the development shows an increased mismatch between the maturity of management systems and the stagnation of audit programs put in place to verify the system implementation, maintenance and effectiveness, thus not leading to any value-added auditing and even worse not to be able to address potential nonconformances. 

System is shown in Fig. 15. A flowsheeting program, HYSIS or other comparable one, is used to develop the process flow diagram. The flowsheeting program determines the operating conditions and the utilities required—steam and cooling water. Then, a value-added economic analysis is performed to estimate the profitability of the plant. If the profitability is acceptable. 

Internal summary reports and formal proposals for management are often assembled in preparation for development milestones (e.g., candidate selection and full development decision). Research reports for critical data are written for products as they progress through development. However, reports for failing studies or discontinued programs are often not prepared and these can be equally useful since history tends to repeat itself. Because of the time and resources required to prepare such reports, a conscious decision should be made if the value added warrants the effort. 

VALUE-ADDED VS. TRADITIONAL CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS... 

The approach used in Task lA differs from the previous enamel development program in that solid lubricants will be incorporated into the glassy phase composition to first reduce the coefficient of friction values of the glassy phase below 0.02. Once the coefficient of friction is optimized, wear particles will be added to the composition, if needed, to improve the wear properties of the coating. 

In the early 1990s SABIC management launched a research program on the conversion of low-weight paraffins and olefins to value-added monomers and chemicals. Since that time SABIC researchers have been actively involved in the development and study of catalysts for different selective oxidation reactions. Some of the oxidation reactions and catalyst compositions developed by them are listed in Table 11.1 along with the yields and selectivifies of target products. 

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