Vaginal pessaries

Daneshmend [104] measured the serum concentration of miconazole in 11 healthy adult females for 72 h following a single 1200 mg vaginal pessary. The mean peak serum miconazole concentration was 10.4 pg/L and the mean elimination half-life was 56.8 h. The mean area under the serum concentration-time curve was 967 pg/L/h. The calculated mean systemic bioavailability of the vaginal pessary was 1.4%. There was large intersubject variation in serum miconazole pharmacokinetics. This formulation may provide effective single dose treatment for vaginal candidiasis. 

Apart from imidazole derivative e.g. metronidazole, tinidazole, nimorazole etc. and other agents such as hydroxy quinolines, iodine preparation (povidoneiodine) and antifungal antibiotics e.g. clotrimazole (used mainly as vaginal pessaries), there are some other compounds which are mainly used in the treatment of trypanosomiasis. They are ... 

Lose G, Englev E. Oestradiol-releasing vaginal ring versus oestriol vaginal pessaries in the treatment of bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms. BJOG 2000 107(8) 1029-34. 

Vaginal pessaries or suppositories (the terms often used interchangeably) containing such substances as natural gums, fatty acids, alum, and rock salts were originally used in ancient Egyptian times as contraceptives. One of the earliest technical papers describing a... 

Bagga,R.,Raghuvanshi,P.,Gopalan,S.,Das,S.K.,Baweja,R.,Suri,S.,Malhotra,D.,Khare, S., and Talwar, G. R (2006), A polyherbal vaginal pessary with spermicidal and antimicrobial action Evaluation of its safety, Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Ilyg., 100,1164-1167. 

V."— — Nylon string Syncro-Mate vaginal pessary... 

Fig. 14 Comparison of newer progestin-releasing vaginal pessaries (Type I and II) with an older (Syncro-Mate) pessary design. (From Ref. I)...

Contrary to cancer treatment, cervicovaginal cancers are linked to vaginal pessary use. Review of cancer cases found that tumors occurred at sites of ring insertion. Although chemical carcinogenesis cannot be ruled out, chronic local infection may be the main... 

Witter, F. Rocco, L. Johnson, T. A randomized trial of prostaglandin E2 in a controlled-release vaginal pessary for cervical ripening at term. Am. J. Obstet. Gyn. 1992, 166, 830-834. 

Henriksson, L. Stjernquist, M. Boquist, L. Alander, U. Selinus, I. A comparative multicenter study of the effects of continuous low-dose estradiol released from a new vaginal ring versus estriol vaginal pessaries in postmenopausal women with symptoms and signs of urogenital atrophy. Am. J. Obstet. Gyn. 1994, 171, 624—632. 

Salas-Herrera, I. Lawson, M. Johnston, A. Turner, P. Gott, D. Dennis, M. British plasma metronidazole concentrations after single and repeated vaginal pessary administration. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 1991, 32, 621-ffi3. 

Boag, F. Houang, E. Westrom, R. McCormack, S. Lawrence, A. Comparison of vaginal flora after treatment with a clotrimazole 500 mg vaginal pessary or a fluconazole 150 mg capsule for vaginal candidosis. Genitourinary Med. 1991, 67, 232-234. 

Bennett, M. Horrowitz, S. Wass, D. The use of 16, 16-dimethyl-PGEl-deltamethyl ester (cervagem) vaginal pessaries for cervical dilatation prior to evacuation for second trimester termination. Austr. New Zealand J. Obstet. Gyn. 

Kurup, A. Chua, S. Arulkumaran, S. Tham, K. Tay, D. Ratnam, S. Induction of labour in nulliparas with poor cervical score oxytocin or prostaglandin vaginal pessaries Austr. New Zealand J. Obstet. Gyn. 1991, 31, 223-226. 

Hill, N. Eerguson, J. MacKenzie, I. The efficacy of oral mifepristone (RU 38,486) with a prostaglandin El analog vaginal pessary for the termination of early pregnancy complications and patient acceptability. Am. J. Obstet. Gyn. 1990, 162, 414-417. 

Hydrogel-based vaginal pessaries to deliver prostaglandin E2 (to assist in ripening of the cervix prior to labour) progesterone and bleomycin have been developed. 

Vaginal pessaries and creams are medications directly inserted into the vagina, either with or without the aid of an applicator. Vaginal pessaries and creams are used for a number of purposes ... 

Vaginal pessaries are also used to support a womb prolapse - these pessaries are usually made of PVC or polythene and are inserted and removed by healthcare professionals, not by patients. They are usually checked every three to six months. 

Vaginal pessaries are suppositories designed for a more acidic environment than that found in the... 

Vaginal pessaries resemble rectal suppositories in many aspects. Differences from rectal suppositories are discussed. Vaginal solutions are mentioned briefly. They are not frequently used and largely resemble irrigation solutions and solutions for cutaneous use. 

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