Vaginal delivery systems

Conventional vaginal delivery systems include tablets, foams gels, suspensions, and pessaries. Mucoadhesive gel formulations based on polycarbophil have been reported to remain 3 to 4 days at the vaginal tissue, providing an excellent vehicle for the delivery of progesterone and nonoxynol-9 [66]. 

Conventional systems do not offer sufficient flexibility in controlling drug-release rate and sustaining the release over time periods extending from days to months. Therefore specific modified release vaginal delivery systems are continuously under development and are based on mucoadhesive systems. Penetration enhancement may represent a necessary feature for certain delivery systems, particularly when the absorption regards a macromolecule (such as a peptide or a protein). 

Rochira, M., et al. 1996. Novel vaginal delivery systems for calcitonin. II. Preparation and characterization of HYAFF microspheres containing calcitonin. Int J Pharm 144 19. 

Typical vaginal delivery systems such as foams, gels and tablets are removed in a relatively short period of time by the self-cleansing action of the vaginal tract. In the eye, materials are diluted by tears and removed via the lachrymal drainage system. 

Paveli, Z., Skalko-Basnet, N., Filipovi -Gr i, J., Martinac, A., and Jalsenjak, I. (2005), Development and in vitro evaluation of a liposomal vaginal delivery system for acyclovir, /. Controlled Release, 106, 34-43. 

Rochira, M., Miglietta, M. R., Richardson, J. L., Ferrari, L., Beccaro, M., and Benedetti, L. (1996), Novel vaginal delivery systems for calcitonin II. Preparation and characterization of HYAFF microspheres containing calcitonin, Int. J. Pharm., 144,19-26. 

Several publications have examined the many types of vaginal delivery systems already marketed or under development. " In the development of vaginal dosage forms, the following considerations should be addressed ... 

Landgren, B. Aedo, A. Johannisson, E. Cekan, S. Pharmacokinetic studies with a vaginal delivery system releasing levonorgestrel at a near zero order rate for one year. Contraception 1994, 49, 139-150. 

Spilman, C. Beuving, D. Forbes, A. Roseman, T. Larion, L. Evaluation of vaginal delivery systems containing 15[s] 15-methyl PGF2 alpha methyl ester. Prostaglandins. Prostaglandins 1976, 12 (Suppl.), 1-16. 

Unconventional (Suppository) Bases and (Vaginal) Delivery Systems... 

The vaginal delivery system for dinoprostone (Propess 10 mg) is even more different from the classical dosage forms for rectal or vaginal use. It is a thin, flat polymeric matrix of crosslinked macrogols forming a hydrogel in the vagina. Dinoprostone is... 

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