Vaccines adjuvanted with substances other than oil

4 Vaccines adjuvanted with substances other than oil 10.4.1 Alum 

Recently, an aluminium hydroxide-adjuvanted E. tarda vaccine was prepared and injected i.p in Japanese flounder. The resultant protection was found give an RPS of 69% (Jiao et al. 2010a). Immunisation with the antigen alone gave an RPS of 34%, so in this system alum seemed to be a promising adjuvant. However, when FIA was used an RPS of 81% was seen, thus showing that the oil adjuvant would be a more promising line of research. 

Vibriosis is one of the most common and serious diseases of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). DeBaulney and coworkers (1996) prepared an 

Catla Catla catla Flanfilton) is one of the major carp species in India and A. hydrophila is a bacterial pathogen associated with disease in this species. A formalin-inactivated A. hydrophila vaccine was developed and protection was studied in the absence and presence of a P-glucan adjuvant (Kamilya et al. 2006). A reduction in mortality was found when glucan 

In another study, i.p. injection of P-glucan in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus) and subsequent i.p. immunization with E. ictaluri resulted in higher serum antibody levels relative to control catfish receiving PBS before administration of E. ictaluri (Chen and Ainsworth 1992). The fish received glucan or PBS on days 1 and 3 followed by two immunizations of E. ictaluri on days 7 and 14. Serum antibody levels were determined on day 7 (day 21) after the last immunisation. The antibody levels were typically two-fold higher than those in the control fish. 

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