Vacancy-hydrogen defects

Therefore, the formation of H2 anions in hydrogen crystal should be discussed by taking into consideration the special properties of the crystal, such as the rigidity of lattice, vacancies, and defects. The cluster model by Suter et al. does not include the characteristic properties of hydrogen crystal. 

Dehydrogenation is considered to occur on the corners, edges, and other crystal defect sites on the catalyst where surface vacancies aid in the formation of intermediate species capable of competing for hydrogen with ethylbenzene. The role of the potassium may be viewed as a carrier for the strongly basic hydroxide ion, which is thought to help convert highly aromatic by-products to carbon dioxide. 

Shock-modified rutile is found to exhibit two characteristic resonances, which can be confidently identified as (1) an isotropic resonance characteristic of an electron trapped at a vacancy, and (2) an isotropic resonance characteristic of a Ti" interstitial. The data indicate a concentration of 2 X 10 cm , which is an order of magnitude greater than observed in hydrogen- or vacuum-induced defect studies. At higher pressures the concentration of interstitials is the same as at lower pressure, but more dispersion is observed in the wave shape, indicating higher microwave conductivity. 

We noted that the presence of hydrogen causes an, at least apparent, lower recovery temperature. It has also been observed that the presence of hydrogen causes a lower damage production rate (e.g., for the (V O)-center) for irradiations at room temperature, which indicates either a passivation of the defects by the hydrogen or competition for the mobile irradiation defects (e.g., the vacancy) by hydrogen-related defects. Judging... 

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