V-Acetylglucosamine

Christiansen, M.E., E. Gosling, and M.A. Williams. 1984. Effect of the insect growth regulator diflubenzuron (dimilin) on the uptake of glucose and V-acetylglucosamine into the cuticle of crab larvae. Mar. Biol. 83 225-230. 

Ac, acetyl AONs, antisense oligonucleotides B, boat Bn, benzyl Bz, benzoyl C, chair CD, circular dichroism CO, carbon monoxide ConA, concanavalin A DAST, diethylaminosulfur trifluoride DFT, density functional theory DMDO, dimethyldiox-irane DMT, dimethoxytriphenylmethyl DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid dsDNA, double-stranded DNA E, envelope Fmoc, fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl GlcNAc, /V-acetylglucosamine ITC, isothermal titration calorimetry kcat, catalytic rate constant Aa, association constant K, inhibition constant KM, Michaelis constant LiSPh, lithium thiophenolate LPS, lipopolysaccharide pM, micromolar MMT,... 

The biosynthesis of cell wall peptidoglycan, showing the sites of action of five antibiotics (shaded bars 1 = fosfomycin, 2 = cycloserine, 3 = bacitracin, 4 = vancomycin, 5 = 3-lactam antibiotics). Bactoprenol (BP) is the lipid membrane carrier that transports building blocks across the cytoplasmic membrane M, N-acetylmuramic acid Glc, glucose NAcGIc or G, /V-acetylglucosamine. 

Hydrolyzes the /3-1-4 glycosidic bond between /V-acetylglucosamine and A-acetylmuraminic acid units in mucopolysaccharides Hydrolyzes a-o-mannosides by removing a-D mannose from the nonreducing end... 

V-acety I glucosamine (GlcNAc) monomers are linked in a similar reaction starting from UDP-/V-acetylglucosamine monomeric substrates (UDP-GlcNAc). 

Many carbohydrates contain modified sugars, like the i /V-acetylglucosamine found in chitin, or two or more differ- ent sugars in straight-chain or branched-chain linkages. 

Glycosaminoglycans. Long, unbranched polysaccharide chains composed of repeating disaccharide subunits in which one of the two sugars is either /V-acetylglucosamine or /V-acetylgalac-tosamine. 

Molecular Recognition IX. The Synthesis of the H-type 2 Human Blood Group Determinant and its Congeners Modified at the 6-Position of the /V-Acetylglucosamine Unit, U. Spohr, E. Petrakova, and R. U. Lemieux, Can. J. Chem., 70 (1992) 233-240. 

Fosfomycin trometamol, a stable salt of fosfomycin (phosphonomycin), inhibits a very early stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis (Figure 43-5). An analog of phosphoenolpyruvate, it is structurally unrelated to any other antimicrobial agent. It inhibits the cytoplasmic enzyme enolpyruvate transferase by covalently binding to the cysteine residue of the active site and blocking the addition of phosphoenolpyruvate to UDP-V-acetylglucosamine. This reaction is the first step in the... 

Crowell, D.N., Anderson, M.S., Raetz, C.R.H. Molecular cloning of the genes for lipid A disaccharide synthase and UDP- V-acetylglucosamine acyltransferase in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol 168 (1986) 152-159. 

Understand the mechanisms for /V-acetylglucosamine biosynthesis and degradation of fructose and galactose, and inborn errors of metabolism associated with these pathways Appreciate the physiologic role of the glucuronate pathway and the inborn errors of metabolism associated with its malfunction ... 

Bao M, Elmendorf BJ, Booth JL, et al. Bovine UDP-/V-acetylglucosamine lysosomal-enzyme /V-acctyl-gl ucosami nc-1 -/V-phosphotran sferase./ Biol Chem 271 31446-31451,1996. 

GlcNAc, V-acetylglucosamine, V-acetyl-glucosaminoside, jV-acetylglucosaminosyl Glc-R(GIP), glucose receptor for GIP secretion... 

Chromatographic experiments on the formation of the chromogen shows that three chromogens were formed in the presence of each other, and they were called I, II, and III by Kuhn et al. Chromogen III forms only in small yield, by the action of hot dilute sodium carbonate solution on V-acetyl-D-glucosamine. It is formed in larger yield when V-acetylglucosamine is refluxed with pyridine. 3-Acetamidofuran also forms in small quantity. 

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