Uranium transition probabilities

Another important application of all-orders in aZ atomic QED is the theory of the multicharged ions. Nowadays all elements of the Periodic Table up to Uranium (Z=92) can be observed in the laboratory as H-like, He-like etc ions. The recent achievements of the QED theory of the highly charged ions (HCI) are summarized in [11], [12]. In principle, the QED theory of atoms includes the evaluation of the QED corrections to the energy levels and corrections to the hyperfine structure intervals, as well as the QED corrections to the transition probabilities and cross-sections of the different atomic processes photon and electron scattering, photoionization, electron capture etc. QED corrections can be evaluated also to the different atomic properties in the external fields bound electron -factors and polarizabilities. In this review we will concentrate mainly on the corrections to the energy levels which are usually called the Lamb Shift (here the Lamb Shift should be understood in a more broad sense than the 2s, 2p level shift in a hydrogen). 

The uranium loading of 3600 ppm amounts to less than 3 % of the total uranium capacity. A high attrition resistance of the resin beads, expected in contrast to hydrous titanium oxide, could be demonstrated in long-term experiments. Granules exposed to natural sea water in a fluidized bed for more than 6 months showed almost no attack of the outer surface however, the initial white color of the beads changed to brown, probably due to the complexation of transition metals. Uranium is mainly accumulated in a narrow surface layer of the beads. The high uranium selectivity of the resin can be deduced from Table 7. 

The inner transition elements are found in the/block of the periodic table. In the lanthanides, electrons of highest energy are in the 4/sublevel. The lanthanides were once called rare earth elements because all of these elements occurred in Earth s crust as earths, an older term for oxides, and seemed to be relatively rare. The highest-energy electrons in the actinides are in the 5/sublevel. You probably won t find these elements among your household chemicals. Their names are unfamiliar except for uranium and plutonium, which are the elements associated with nuclear reactors and weapons. However, many of these elements, especially lanthanides, have important practical uses. 

Uranium U-238 (92U ) and thorium Th-232 (9oTh ) decay in a series of steps and end with the stable lead Pb-206 (g2Pb ) and Pb-208 respectively. The series of steps results in a spectrum that presents the probability of transitions (decay steps) for discrete energy levels. Both spectra have characteristic peaks 1.76 MeV for uranium and 2.62 MeV for thorium. 

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