University of Nancy

DYNEA, Krems, Austria ENSTIB. University of Nancy I, Epinal, France... 

Contributed by C. Lecomte and V. Pichon-Pesme, University of Nancy, France. 

The chemical researches were directed towards three main aims. The first dealt with periodic acid oxidation. In 1928, L. Malaprade, at the University of Nancy, hoping to specify the effect of D-mannitol upon the acidity of periodic acid, observed that the carbon-carbon linkages of the polyol were cleaved, and showed that this was a general feature of the specific reaction of periodic acid with a-glycols. Then, P. Fleury had the premonition that this acid should be an invaluable reagent for analytical purposes. He described the utilization and determination of this remarkably selective oxidant, working under mild conditions of pH and temperature. 

Louis-Camille Maillard was born on February 4, 1878 in Pont-a-Mousson (Meuthe et Moselle) (48.55°N, 6.03 E). He went to Nancy, where he obtained the degrees of M. Sc. in 1897 and Dr. Med. in 1903. Thereafter he worked in the Chemical Division of the School of Medicine, University of Nancy. In 1914 he moved to Paris and the young doctor worked as head of a biological group in the Chemical Laboratory, University of Paris (] ) ... 

Hugonnot P. Etude locale et performances thermohydrauliques a faibles nombres de Reynolds d un canal plan corrugue application aux echangeurs a plaques. Thesis, University of Nancy I, June 1989. 

Laval University was one of the first Canadian universities to hire a theoretical chemist. Wendell Forst arrived in 1961 and developed a research program based on the theory of unimolecular reactions75 and quantum chemistry. He maintained ties with experimental physical chemistry through a strong interest in mass spectrometry and gas phase kinetics. In many of his papers he sought analytical solutions to fundamental problems.76 In 1986, after a quarter-century at Laval, he moved to the University of Nancy in France. 

The early scientific discoveries relating to heat induced aroma development can be traced to the work of Louis—Camille Maillard at the University of Nancy during the period of 1912 to 1936 (2). He published at least 8 papers on the subject of the reaction of sugars with amino acids. The Maillard Reaction, or so-called, non enzymatic browning reaction chemistry, has become the focus on a great amount of scientific work (3). 

The Editors note with regret the recent passing of Louis Malaprade, University of Nancy, discoverer of the stoichiometric oxidation of glycols by periodate, a reaction that has had such profound implications in the structural investigation of carbohydrates and of Karl Freudenberg, Heidelberg, last surviving student of Emil Fischer s, pioneer of important stereochemical concepts, and a scientist whose extensive contributions to synthesis included the classic, widely used acetone derivatives (isopropylidene acetals) of the monosaccharides. 

Fig. 3.3 Victor Grignard (1871-1935) as Professor of Chemistry at the University of Nancy (photo from Nobel Lectures, Chemistry 1901-1921, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1966 reproduced with permission of Elsevier)...

Claude Lecomte Laboratory of Mineralogy Faculty of Sciences University of Nancy Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France... 

Combe, A., M. Niclause, and M. Letort, Rev. Inst. Franc. PHrole Ann. Combust., 10, 786, 929 (1955) A. Combe, doctoral thesis. University of Nancy, Nancy, France, 1955. 

Like other compounds that contain two or more - OH or - O groups on adjacent carbon atoms, carbohydrates undergo oxidative cleavage by periodic acid, HIO4 (Sec. 16.12). This reaction, introduced in 1928 by L. Malaprade (at the University of Nancy, France), is one of the most useful tools in modern research on carbohydrate structure. 

Dague, Ph., 1969. Etude geologique et hydrogeologique de la nappe des gres du Trias inferieur dans I Est de la France. University of Nancy, Nancy, 222 pp. 

Discussions with M. Nespolo (University of Nancy) greatly influenced this chapter. Useful suggestions came from S. V. Soboleva (IGEM, Moscow). Constructive comments have been provided by the referees, S. Guggenheim and M. Rieder. Research was financially supported by MURST ( Layer silicates Crystal chemical, structural and petrologic aspects project) and CNR ( Igneous and metamorphic micas project). 

S. Gamier, Ph.D. thesis. University of Nancy 1, Epinal, France, 2002. 

Graduate engineer of the Ecole Nationale Superieure des Industries Chimiques and Doctor of Philosophy, Guy-Marie COME is a Professor at the Universite Henri Poincare (Nancy I). In the Departement de Chimie Physique des Reactions, Unite Mixte Associee au CNRS, at the INP of Lorraine (ENSIC) and at The University of Nancy, he conducts research carried out within the framework of European and national research programmes and of industrial contracts with major firms. More particularly this research has been carried out within the scope of the valorization of natural gas, the reformulation of petrol and diesel fuel for limiting the production of pollutants and computational kinetics for generating more and more complex models on a computer. Guy-Marie COME s book is a synthesis of multidisciplinary elements which contribute to the comprehension of gas-phase thermal reactions. 

French universities have not been left behind in this development. At the Faculte de Pharmacie de Paris, B.P. Roques designed novel enkephalinase inhibitors, the group of A. Marquet is working on problems related to substance P. An important contribution originated from the University of Nancy, where B. Castro (now with CNRS in Montpellier) with J.R. Dormoy, developed the potent BOP coupling reagent (cf. p. 92) already in use in the practice of peptide synthesis. 

ENSTIB-LERMAB, University of Nancy 1, B. P. 1041, F-88051 Epinal cedex, France... 

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