Uniroyal

The chemical industry manufactures a large number of antioxidants (qv) as well as uv stabilizers and their mixtures with other additives used to facilitate resin processing. These companies include American Cyanamid, BASE, Ciba—Geigy, Eastman Chemical, Elf Atochem, Enichem, General Electric, Hoechst—Celanese, Sandoz, and Uniroyal, among others. The combined market for these products in the United States exceeded 900 million in 1994 and will reach 1 billion in the year 2000. 

According to the U.S. International Trade Commission s Synthetic Organic Chemicals, Production and Sales, 1987, the three manufacturers of diphenylamine are Rubicon, Inc., Aristech Chemical Corp., and Uniroyal Chemical Co. No production figures have been given siace 1974, but U.S. production ia the range of 5,000—10,000 t/yr appears reasonable. 

Shredded tire chips have been burned in stoker-fired boilers. Uniroyal fired a 15% mixture of tire chips with coal, and both General Motors and B. 

R. Ndes, personal communication, Uniroyal, Inc., Oxford, Coim., June 1981. 

Use of a good antioxidant is recommended for almost all neoprene compounds where color is not of importance, a staining antioxidant can be used. The substituted or hindered phenols, eg, Naugawhite (Uniroyal) and Antioxidant 2246 (American Cyanamid), are used where a minimum of product discoloration or staining is requited. 

As in dry compounding, acid acceptors must be incorporated into neoprene latices because of the wide use of these latices in coating fabrics and metals. The hydrochloric acid that forms during service life has a particularly destmetive effect on coated cotton fabrics that are not adequately protected. High zinc oxide concentration (ca 15 parts) and use of 0.4 parts AJ-phenyl-AT(p-toluenesulfonyl)-/)-phenylenediamine (Aranox, Uniroyal) as an antioxidant provides adequate protection. 

Dry basis natural mbber compound recipe, in part by wt high ammonia natural latex mbber concentrate, 100.0 potassium hydroxide, 0.5 Nacconal 90F (alkylarenesulfonate (AHied Chemical Co.)), 1.0 zinc oxide, 3.0 sulfur, 1.0 ZMBT, 1.0 zinc diethyldithiocarbamate (ZEDC) (trade names Ethazate (Uniroyal, Inc.), Ethyl Zimate (R. T. Vanderbilt), 0.3 antioxidant, as indicated. Wet-basis natural mbber compound recipe, in parts by wt natural latex (NC 356), 167.9 potassium hydroxide, 2.5 Nacconal 90F, 5.0 zinc oxide, 5.45 sulfur, 1.65 ZMBT, 2.0 ZEDC, 2.0 antioxidant, as indicated. AH films poured from freshly mixed compounds, dried overnight in place, then lifted and dried 1 h in air at 50°C before curing. 

Typical recipes for an antioxidant dispersion and an ultra-accelerator dispersion are given below. The antioxidant recipe is for Aminox (Uniroyal, Inc.), alow temperature reaction product of diphenylamine and acetone. 

The Uniroyal process differs from that of American anode, principally in that the first dip is in the latex compound rather than in the coagulant. The resulting thin mbber film acts as a carrier for a coagulant subsequently absorbed by it. Volatile acids, eg, formic, acetic, or lactic acid, or cyclohexylamine dissolved in alcohol or acetone or both, have generally been used in this process, but in the 1990s water is more commonly used than ethanol. 

Rubber Co. Harwich Chemical Corp. PMC Specialties Group, Inc. Reichold Chemicals, Inc. Uniroyal Chemical... 

A7-phenyl-a-naphdiylamine [90-30-2] C14H13N PS, PES, PO, PVC, PS Akron Chemical Co. Mobay Chemical Co. Uniroyal Chemical... 

Chemical Co. Uniroyal Chemical GE Specialty Chemicals Inc. CIBA-GEIGY Corp. 

Argus Chemical Corp. CIBA-GEIGY Corp. Enichem Synthesis Hoechst Celanese Corp. Uniroyal Chemical Sando2 Color and Chemicals Inc. 

Manufacturers trade names Akron Chemical (Antiozonant), Eastman (Eastozone), Goodyear (Wingstay) (Santoflex), Peimwalt (Anto ), Uniroyal (Flexzone, J-Z-E), Universal Oil Products (UOP), R. T. Vanderbilt (Permanax). 

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