Ultraviolet-Visible-Near Infrared spectroscopic measurements

Raman spectroscopy has recently gained popularity for advanced chemical analysis of surfaces. In nanoscience, Raman spectroscopy is used to characterize surface properties of materials, measure temperature, and determine crystallinity. Raman spectroscopy is a spectroscopic technique used in material science to study vibrational and rotational frequencies in a system. The technique measures shifts in inelastic scattering, or Raman scattering, of light from a visible, near infrared or near ultraviolet light source and the shift in energy provides information about the material s surface characteristics. The Raman signal unit is a measurement of the ratio between the Stokes (down-shifted) intensity and anti-Stokes (up-shifted) intensity peaks. [Pg.29]

Spectroscopic methods are also commonly used for the analysis of surfactants. Among these methods ultraviolet/visible spectrophotometry and infrared/near-infrared spectroscopy are used for the measurement of surfactant concentration, while such techniques as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass-spectroscopy (MS) are extensively used for... [Pg.151]