Ultrasonic Separation

Table 8. Overview of reported perfusion processes employing ultrasonic separators as cell retention device... 

This chapter describes the main unit operations employed for animal cell separation. These are gravity settlers, centrifuges, hydrocyclones, filters, and ultrasonic separators. 

Ultrasonic separators, also known as acoustic cell filters, use a plane standing-wave to retain cells in a bioreactor. Kilburn et al. (1989) were the... 

Groschl M, Burger W, Handl B (1998), Ultrasonic separation of suspended particles -Part III Application in biotechnology, Acustica 84 815-822. 

Silicon microfluidic ultrasonic separators [109] and copper-epoxy laminate-based printed circuit boards [110] can also be used for microscale separation. 

Many models for simple ultrasonic separator cells (single inlet rectangular cell, with several outlets at the opposite face) have been proposed, and some examples are discussed here. Hill et al. have developed a model based on a multi-layered resonant structure [307, 308]. They used this model to design a device that allows... 

Benes E., Groschl M., Nowotny H., Trampler F., Keijzer T., Bohm H., Radel S., et al., Ultrasonic separation of suspended particles. Ultrasonics Symposium, 2001 IEEE, 1, 649, 2001. 

Figure 8 shows that the results for the finite element simulations are also similar and the results for separation performance of 3 p particles are better than the experimental results. On the other hand, the other estimations for the bead locations are accurate, and the general trends of separation performance are successfully captured. Therefore, it seems that the simulation tools can be used effectively to estimate the response of the ultrasonic separation system. These numerical modeling tools give possibility to numerically try and optimize the sizes and the low rates of the separation systems before experimental tests. 

Acoustophoresis needs to be a process so robust and efficient that it can be used as an alternative safe (causing less shear on cells), economical, and fast (label-free) cell separation method for diagnostics and therapeutic medical applications. In order to increase the robustness of ultrasonic separation process, it is important that parameters that improve the performance are well understood and optimized. Numerical simulations... 

Acoustic separation Acoustofluidics Acoustophoresis Ultrasonic concentration Ultrasonic particle manipulation Ultrasonic separation... 

Merten O-W. (2000) Constructive improvement of the ultrasonic separation device ADI 1015. Cytotechnology, 34(1-2) 175-179. 

Hot water retting (biological) Mechanical separation (physical) Chemical extraction (chemical) Enzymatical extraction (chemical) Ultrasonic separation (physical) Steam-explosion (physical) [56]... 

Harris NR, Hill M, Beeby SP, Shen Y, White NM, Hawkes JJ, Coakley WT (2003) A Silicon Microfiuidic Ultrasonic Separator. Sens Actuators B 95(l-3) 425-434... 

Hatanaka, S.I., Taki, T., Kuwabara, M., Sano, M., Asai, S., 1999. Effect of process parameters on ultrasonic separation of dispersed particles in liquid. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 38 (5S), 3096. 

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