Ultrafiltration index

Because our system is a pressure control of ultrafiltration rate, it is obvious that an accurate in vivo value of the ultrafiltration index, L, is required. Our first attempts at manual... 

Index Entries Secondary membrane backflushing microfiltration ultrafiltration direct visual observation fouling. 

Index Entries Saccharification corn stover cellulase glucose ultrafiltration vacuum filtration. 

Search in the Science Citation Index database from 1994 until spring 2001 using the search term membrane and reactor . For a more thorough search details on the membrane processes such as ultrafiltration have to be included in the term as well. 

Boerlage S.F.E., Kennedy M.D., Bonne P.A.C., Galjaard G., Schippers J.C. (1997), Modified fouling index for the prediction of the rate of flux decline in reverse osmosis, nano- and ultrafiltration systems, Proc. AWWA Membrane Technology Conference, New Orleans, Feb. 97, 979-999. 

Siobhan EE. Boerlage, Maria D Kennedy, Melvyn R. Dickson, Dima E.Y. El-Hodali, and Jan C. Schippers, The Modified Fouling Index using Ultrafiltration Membranes (MFI-UF) Characterisation, Filtration Mechanisms, and Proposed Reference Membrane, Journal of Membrane Science, 197, 2002. 

In order to measure the particulate fouling potential of feed water, Schippers and Verdouw [48] proposed a modified fouling index (MFI) by using a microfiltration membrane as a quick test of the feed water quality. They further improved the accuracy of the index and developed a new index of MFI-UF by using ultrafiltration membranes to increase the index sensitivity to the presence of colloidal particles for constant pressure operation [49, 50] and constant flux operation [51]. 

To demonstrate it, we purposely chose two hyperbranched samples and their molecular parameters [the weight-average molar mass (Mw), polydisper-sity index (M /Mn), and average hydrodynamic radius ((f h))l, are summarized in Table 5.1, where a linear polystyrene sample was used as an internal reference to calibrate the concentrations of hyperbranched chains before and after the ultrafiltration. 

Preliminaiy screaiing of all complexes involved i) determination of the HSA binding by means of ultrafiltration it) rough assessment of die in-vivo tolerability. Data for Ib-g are reported in Table II in comparison with those of la (i.e. our initial lead candidate). As dir as tolerability concerns, for scmie of the conqilexes LDso values are reported, whereas for other complexes mortality at a given dose level of administration is indicated. For the sake of comparison, in toms of safety index, for Gd-DTPA-dimeg (ie. the most used ECF contrast agent currendy proved for MRI procedures), uhich is usually administered to patients at 0.1 mmol/kg dose level, the LDso value is 6 mmol/kg, In mice (18). 

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