U. S. Food and Drug

Sucralose has the structure most similar to su crose Galactose replaces the glucose unit of sucrose and chlorines replace three of the hydroxyl groups Sucralose is the newest artificial sweetener having been approved by the U S Food and Drug Adminis tration in 1998 The three chlorine substituents do not dimmish sweetness but do interfere with the ability of the body to metabolize sucralose It there fore has no food value and IS noncaloric... 

Another notable glycoside is amygdalin, which occurs in bitter almonds and in the kernels or pits of cherries, peaches, and apricots. Hydrolysis of this substance and subsequent oxidation yields laetrile, which has been claimed by some to have anticancer properties. There is no scientific evidence for these claims, and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has never approved laetrile for use in the United States. 

Products now marketed in Europe and Asia attain approved status by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and enter the huge and (ucrative American market. 

The chemical industry uses esters for a variety of purposes. Ethyl acetate, for instance, is a commonly used solvent, and dialkyl phthalates are used as plasticizers to keep polymers from becoming brittle. You may be aware that there is current concern about possible toxicity of phthalates at high concentrations, although a recent assessment by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration found the risk to be minimal for most people, with the possible exception of male infants. 

U. S. Food and Drug Administration, Manual of Microanalytical Photomicrographs, 1944. 

The mutual chemistry of plastic containers and food products must be considered for any proposed application. There is continuous physical and chemical activity at the interface between the food product and the container. The type and extent of this activity determines whether or not the plastic container can successfully hold and protect the food product. However, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the American public are increasingly suspicious of all plastics, particularly the halo-genated compounds. The recent ban (April 1973) on poly(vinyl chloride)... 

Cosmetic Standards. Over the last two decades, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has been lowering the tolerance levels for Insects and insect parts allowed in and on fresh and processed foods (14). Concurrently consumers have sought "more perfect," pest-free produce. To achieve this, farmers have Increased the quantities of pesticide they applied to crops. Although the presence of small amounts of insect parts in such products as catsup and apple sauce, or blemishes on oranges pose no health risk, these stringent standards have stood for many years. 

GHB has been used both for legitimate clinical and chnical research purposes and for a range of iUicit purposes. It was marketed legally in the United States until 1990, when the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) banned its sale to consumers. Except for the one indication described later in this section, GHB is a Schedule I controlled substance without other FDA-approved indications. The FDA has also declared y-butyrolactone (GBL) as a List I chemical and 1,4-butanediol (1,4-BD) as a Class I health hazard, practically designating these GHB precursors, which are also industrial solvents, as illicit and unapproved new drugs (National Institute on Drug Abuse 2000). 

Yess N, Gunderson E, Roy R. 1993. U.S. Food and Drug Administration monitoring of pesticide residues in infant foods and adult foods eaten by infants/children. J Assoc Off Anal Chem 76(3) 492-507. 

Roy RR, Albert RH, Wilson P, et al. 1995. U.S. Food and Drug Administration pesticide program Incidence/level monitoring of domestic and imported pears and tomatoes. J AOAC Int 78(4) 930-940. 

Molecular Entities Approved 1995-1999. June 2001. Office of Special Health Issues, Office of International and Constituent Relations, Office of the Commissioner, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, http //www.fda.gov/cder/reports/ womens health/women clin trials.htm [accessed October 2005]. 

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