Turbine meters

Velocity meters with density compensation. The signal from the velocity meter (e.g., turbine meter, electromagnetic meter, or sonic velocity meter) is multiplied by the signal from a densitometer to give a signal proportional to the mass flow rate. 

With the exception of certain very large loads which may use such metering devices as orihce plates, metering will be by means of diaphragm, rotary displacement or turbine meters. 

Integrated volumes of both oil and gas arc obtained from net-oil and gas-flow analog computer measurements. Saltwater measurements are obtained from digital signals generated by turbine meters. Notable changes in metered volumes are output by the I/O system for surveillance of possible meter upsets. 

GCa. Turbine meters are used for oil, ga and water measurement. While this is common practice for oil and water measurement, orifice plates have historically been used for gas measurement. By using turbine meters, much greater turndown ratios (approximately 30tl), are possible than with orifice plates, avoiding the need for an operator to change plates to accommodate different gas rates. 

The turbine meter produces a pulsed output of frequency at, such that ... 

The liquid turbine meter is one of the most accurate meters having the highest rangeability, and can handle practically any pressure and extremely high and low temperatures. Their capacities are listed in Table 3.92, and their installation is illustrated in Figure 3.93. Turbine flowmeters in gas service are similar but designed for higher velocity and lower torque. 

The insertion or Pitot turbine meter, a small turbine meter, is mounted on a probe in large (over 100 mm to 4 in.)-diameter pipe. The insertion meter... 

Typical Flow Capacities of a Range of Turbine Meters for Liquid Service... 

There are many other flow measurement devices including Onlicc/Venturi meters, turbine meters, and more sophisticated instruments using ultrasonic, magnetic, and Coriolis effect techniques. Orifice/Venturi type meters have a restriction causing a pressure drop related to the flow rate of liquid. Such meters are popular because of their low cost however, their accuracy can be compromised by upstream elbows and valves. Turbine meters are designed so that rotation speed varies linearly with the... 

OTHER INSERTION METERS. Modified forms of magnetic meters, turbine meters, ultrasonic meters, thermal mass flowmeters, and other types are available as insertion meters. They all have advantages for certain services. Insertion meters are generally cheaper than full-bore meters and are usually the most cost-effective method of measuring flow in large pipes. 

Foamed fluid rheological properties are very responsive to changes in foam quality. Therefore, in order to achieve the desired treatment goals, accurate metering of the constituents of the foam is essential. The liquid C02 rate is measured using a low-pressure turbine metering device. To determine the volume of C02 required at the downhole conditions, a mass balance across the total system can be accomplished. 

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