Tungsten complexes butadiene

Electronically rich 1,3-butadienes such as Danishefsky s diene react with chromium alkenylcarbene complexes affording seven-membered rings in a formal [4S+3C] cycloaddition process [73a, 95a]. It is important to remark on the role played by the metal in this reaction as the analogous tungsten carbene complexes lead to [4S+2C] cycloadducts (see Sect. 2.9.1.1). Formation of the seven-membered ring is explained by an initial cyclopropanation of the most electron-rich double bond of the diene followed by a Cope rearrangement of the formed divinylcyclopropane (Scheme 65). Amino-substituted 1,3-butadienes also react with chromium alkenylcarbene complexes to produce the corre-... 

In the case of other Group 6 metals, the polymerization of olefins has attracted little attention. Some molybdenum(VI) and tungsten(VI) complexes containing bulky imido- and alkoxo-ligands have been mainly used for metathesis reactions and the ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of norbornene or related olefins [266-268]. Tris(butadiene) complexes of molybdenum ) and tungsten(O) are air-stable and sublimable above 100°C [269,270]. At elevated temperature, they showed catalytic activity for the polymerization of ethylene [271]. 

Unlike the chromium-butadiene reaction, the vapors of both molybdenum and tungsten afford thermally stable 7r-complexes that are air-stable, white crystalline solids (114) ... 

A copper(O) complex, electro-generated from Cu(acac)2, is able to undergo an oxidative addition with benzyl and allyl bromides. Further reduction leads to the coupling products bibenzyl and 1,5-hexadienes Methyl-3-hexene-l,6-dicarb-oxylate can be prepared from butadiene and CO by electroreduction if di-Fe dicyclopentadienyl tetracarbonyl is used as redox catalyst Electro-generated low-valent tungsten species are able to reductively dimerize benzaldehyde to stilbene according to Eq. 83. The reduction potential was controlled at the third wave of the WClg catalyst (V = -1900 mV/SCE)... 

Upon UV irradiation in hydrocarbon solution, the hexacarbonyls of chromium, molybdenum, and tungsten react differently with conjugated dienes like 1,3-butadiene (la), ( )-l,3-pentadiene (lb), 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene (lc), ( , )-2,4-hexadiene (Id), ( )-2-methyl-l,3-pentadiene (le), 2-ethyl-1,3-butadiene (If), or 1,3-cyclohexadiene (Ig). Chromium hexacarbonyl (2) yields, with the acyclic dienes la-lf, tetracarbonyl-r/2-dienechromium(0) complexes (3a-3f) in a smooth reaction (8-10). With 1,3-cyclohexadiene, in addition to 3g, dicarbonylbis(>/4-l,3-cyclohexadiene)chromium(0) (4g) is obtained [Eqs. (7) and (8)j. During chromatography on silica gel, the 1,3-cyclohexadiene complex 3g dismutates readily to [Cr(CO)6] and 4g [Eq. (9)]. Under the same conditions with 2 1,3-cyclopentadiene (lh) yields, in a hydrogen-transfer reaction, the stable dicarbonyl- / 5-cyclopentadienyl-r/ 3-cyclopent-enylchromium (5) (11-13) [Eq. (10)]. 

Sketch (a) the transition state for a concerted metal atom-assisted 3,9 hydride shift (b) two PNP ligands (c) the ligand used for selective dimerization of butadiene (d) a general structure for molybdenum- and tungsten-based metathesis precatalyst (e) a six-coordinate rathenium precatalyst for metathesis (f) a solid isolated from the reaction between Pd(OAc)j plus PRj (R = o-tolyl) (g) a T-shaped palladium complex and a two-coordinate palladium complex with a monodentate phosphine (h) an iron complex with a seven-membered metallacycle (i) the transition state for metal-catalyzed cyclopropanation (j) a rhodium and a copper precatalyst used in cyclopropanation reactions. 

In the butadiene complexes of vanadium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten and manganese (Table 7) the butadiene has replaced two carbonyl groups and presumably bonds to these two co-ordination positions of the metal. 

Transmetallation is not restricted to palladium and has been extended to rhodium and copper, so far. [(CODjRhClJj promotes the room-temperature JKOcycli-zation of cross-conjugated chroma- and tungsta-amino-l-metalla-l,3,5-hexatrienes with alkynes to give vinylcyclopentadienes as single isomers [96]. Alternatively, vinylcyclopentadienes are also formed from l-alken-3-ynes and 4-amino-l-metalla-1,3-butadiene complexes of chromium and tungsten RhClj 3 HjO in methanol turns out to be the most efficient (pre)catalyst (Scheme 11.44) [97]. 

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