Tumour-promoter activity

Logani MK, Sambuco CP, Forbes PD, Davies RE Skin-tumour promoting activity of methyl ethyl ketone peroxide—a potent lipid-peroxidizing agent. Pood Chem Toxicol 22 879-882, 1984... 

Ilham, M., M. Yaday, and A. W. Norhanom. Tumour-promoting activity of plants used in Malaysian traditional medicine. Nat Prod Sci 1995 1(1) 31-42. 

Vimala, S. 1999. Anti-tumour promoter activity in Malaysian ginger rhizobia used in traditional medicine. Br. J. Cancer 80 110-116. 

The synthesis and anti-tumour promoting activity of a fused 1,2,4-triazepinone derivative has also been reported by Nagai et al. [01JHC1097],... 

Cyanobacterial toxins produced and released by cyanobacteria in freshwater around the world are well documented [158,159]. Microcystins are the most common of the cyanobacterial toxins found in water, as well as being the ones most often responsible for poisoning animals and humans who come into contact with toxic blooms and contaminated water [ 160]. Acute exposure results in hepatic injury, which can in extreme cases prove fatal. One such incident occurred that resulted in the death of over 50 dialysis patients due to the use of microcystin-contaminated water in the treatment [161]. Chronic exposure due to the presence of microcystin in drinking water is thought to be a contributing factor in primary fiver cancer (PLC) through the known tumour-promoting activities of these compounds [162],... 

F. Rippmann, Quant. Struct.-Act. Relat., 9,1 (1990). Hydrophobicity and Tumour Promoting Activity of Phorbol Esters. 

Hemming H, Bager Y, Flodstrom S, et al. 1995. Liver tumour promoting activity of 3,4,5,3, 4 -pentachlorobiphenyl and its interaction with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Eur J Pharmacol 292 241-249. 

Hemming H, Flodstrom S, Warngard L, et al. 1993. Relative tumour promoting activity of three polychlorinated biphenyls in rat liver. Eur J Pharmacol 248(2) 163-174. 

Like the diarrethic shellfish toxin okadaic acid (73), microcystins and nodularins function as potent liver tumour promoters (71,74-76) and therefore they represent a very serious health risk for humans (77). This tumour promotion activity has been associated with the hyperphosphorylation of cytokeratin (71). 

Pendolmycin was shown to have tumour-promoter activity in cell culture (38) and in mice (39). 

Nordgren, andU. G. Ahlborg. 1991. Relative liver tumour promoting activity and toxicity of some polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin- and dibenzofuran—congeners in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 69(6) 450—58. 

Such contradictory results also plague the experimental studies on rodents. Polyphenolic betel nut fractions induce oral and gastric lesions in rodents (Bhide et al., 1979 Ranadive et al., 1979 Shivapurkar et al., 1980). Various phenolics have cocarcinogenic (Mori and Hirono, 1977 Van Duuren, 1981) or tumour-promoting activities (e.g., Boutwell, 1967 Van Duuren et al., 1973 Hecht et al., 1981 Van Duuren, 1982). However, non-flavonoid phenolics were also found to possess strong anticarcinogenic properties (see preceding section) and lack the capacity of tumour induction (e.g., Hirono et al., 1980). 

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