Triglycerides definition

Synonyms Glycerides, mixed decanoyl and octanoyl Glyceryl Iricaprylate/ caprate Octanoic/decanoic acid triglyceride Definition Mixed Iriester of glycerin and caprylic and capric acids Prof es Nonionic Toxicoiogy Eye irritant... 

Features Mild substantive to hair and skin Trade Name Synonyms Lipacide PK t[Rhodia http //www.rhodia.com, R.T. Vanderbilt http //www.rtvanderbilt.com, Seppic http //WWW. airliquide. com] 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-3-stearin Classification Triglyceride Definition Cocoa butter substitute primarily from palm oil... 

Ellerbe PM, Sniegoski LT, and Welch MJ (1995) Isotope dilution mass spectrometry as a candidate definitive method for determining total glycerides and triglycerides in serum. Clin Chem 41 397-404. 

The natural substrates for lipases are triglycerides but, because of the complexity of these and the fact that they seldom contain a chromophore or other label to enable ready detection of the products, several synthetic substrates have been developed. These enable different detection techniques such as spectrophotometry, fluorimetry, chromatography, or radiometry to be used. It is important to note that, by definition, true lipases are active only on water-insoluble esters while esterases cleave only water-soluble esters (Jaeger et al., 1994). Thus, it is important that methods used for milk and milk products use substrates, which detect true lipase but not esterases as lipases play a major role in the hydrolysis of milk fat, while the role of esterases is considered insignificant (McKay et al., 1995). 

Subsequently, serum lipid and lipoprotein profiles were obtained 70 mg/dL total cholesterol (normal is 130-200 mg/dL), 1 mg/dL HDL cholesterol (optimal is > 60 mg/dL), 180 mg/dL triglycerides (normal is 100-150 mg/dL), and less than 5 mg/dL apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I normal is 140 mg/dL). Cholesterol efflux from patient skin fibroblasts to apoA-I, the main protein component of HDL, was reduced to 30% of normal. These results indicated Tangier disease, the definitive diagnosis of which was made when the sequencing of the ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA /) gene revealed a nonsense mutation within exon 12. 

Each common fat or oil has a definite crystal habit that is determined by four factors (1) palmitic fatty acid content, (2) distribution and position of palmitic and stearic fatty acids on the triglyceride molecule, (3) degree of hydrogenation, and (4) the degree of randomization. Table 10 identifies the crystal habit of hydrogenated edible oils (27). 

Although the primary target of risk-reduction therapy is LDL-C, the ATP III recognized the metabolic syndrome, a constellation of several risk factors (increased triglycerides, decreased HDL-C, obesity, hypertension, and insulin resistance), as a secondary target of therapy. By definition, those with three or more of these risk factors are considered to have the metabolic syndrome. The specific criteria for the chnical identification of the metabolic syndrome are listed in Table 26-17. 

The second set of tools involves imparting some of this information to the patient. This can be done verbally, with written educational materials, with videotapes, or a combination thereof. The level of the material should be adjusted for the educational level of the patient population. The information should include definitions of cholesterol, triglycerides, and lipoproteins factors that increase or decrease these values and the goals for the patient. A risk calculator that can be used to illustrate to patients how their individual factors increase or decrease their risk of a coronary event should also be included. 

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