Tricuspid stenosis

The a wave This is caused by atrial contraction and is, therefore, seen before the carotid pulsation. It is absent in atrial fibrillation and abnormally large if the atrium is hypertrophied, for example with tricuspid stenosis. Cannon waves caused by atrial contraction against a closed tricuspid valve would also occur at this point. If such waves are regular they reflect a nodal rhythm, and if irregular they are caused by complete heart block. 

Isolated tricuspid stenosis is very rare and almost always associated with chronic rheumatic fever. Techniques to dilate this valve are based on those for mitral dilation. 

Causes of diastolic dysfunction (restriction in ventricular filling) are increased ventricular stiffness, ventricular hypertrophy, infiltrative myocardial diseases, myocardial ischemia and infarction, mitral or tricuspid valve stenosis, and pericardial disease (e.g., pericarditis, pericardial tamponade). 

Hywel Davies reported of temporarily treatment of aortic regurgitation with a parachute valve mounted onto a catheter tip in 1965 (34). Twenty-seven years later Andersen and his colleagues described the first experience with a bioprosthetic valve attached to a wire-based stent and mounted on a balloon valvuloplasty catheter (35). In 2002, Alain Cribier performed the first transcatheter valve implantation in an elderly patient with inoperable aortic stenosis using a prototype of a stent-mounted, pericardial, tricuspid aortic valve (36). 

Moderate-risk conditions Mitral valve prolapse with valvular regurgitation or leaflet thickening, isolated mitral stenosis, tricuspid-valve disease, pulmonary stenosis, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy... 

Systolic dysfunction, or decreased contractility, can be caused by dilated cardiomyopathies, ventricular hypertrophy, or a reduction in muscle mass. Diastolic dysfunction, or restriction in ventricular filling, can be caused by increased ventricular stiffness, mitral or tricuspid valve stenosis, or pericardial disease. Both ventricular hypertrophy and myocardial ischemia can contribute to increased ventricular stiffness. Angiotensin II causes and/or exacerbates heart failure by increasing systemic vascular resistance, promoting sodium retention. 

Vollebergh, F.E.M.G. and Becker, A.E. 1977. Minor congenital variations of cusp size in tricuspid aortic valves possible link with isolated aortic stenosis. Br. Heart J. 39 106-111. 

Wallby, L., et al. T lymphocyte infiltration in non-rheumatic aortic stenosis a comparative descriptive study between tricuspid and bicuspid aortic valves. Heart 88(4), 348-351 (2002)... 

In a single-center study, of 47 patients with unexplained restrictive valvular disease (aged 59 years, 42 women), 34 had previously taken benfluorex, 14 had used benfluorex alone, and 20 had used it in combination with another appetite suppressant [47 [. There was isolated mitral or aortic valve involvement in 19 and combined mitral and aortic involvement in 28. Valve stenosis and tricuspid... 

Cardiovascular In 63 liver transplant recipients, including 19 children, cardiovascular examinations, electrocardiography, and echocardiography after 3 months were normal, except for 2 children who developed tacrolimus-related cardiac complications [139 ]. One had hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy and aortic valve stenosis and the other had aortic stenosis and mitral and tricuspid regurgitation. Both had high serum tacrolimus concentrations. 

In about 40% of cases in which the disease is of long standing, organic changes develop in the heart. The pulmonary and tricuspid valves become thickened and sometimes even stenotic the endocardium, the chordal tendinae, and the papillary muscles are also frequently involved. Clinically, the signs of pulmonary stenosis and insufficiency become increasingly marked. The fact that the valves and the endocardium of the left heart are substantially less affected is related to the experimentally proved detoxication of 5-hydroxytryptamine by thelungs. " 1610-15, iss ) Measure-... 

Feyrter, F., Ober die endokrin-nervose Enteropathie (sog. chronische Enteritis), pathologisch-anatomische Ausfiihrung, Verh. Dtsch. Ges. inn. Med. 52, 458 (1940). Biorck, G., Axen, O. and Thorson, A., Unusual cyanosis in a boy with congenital pulmonary stenosis and tricuspid insufficiency fatal outcome after angiocardiography. Am. Hearts. 44,143 (1952). 

Thorson, A., Biorck, G., Bjorkman, G. and Waldenstrom, J., Malignant carcinoid of the small intestine with metastases to the liver, valvular disease of the right side of the heart (pulmonary stenosis and tricuspid regurgitation without septal defects) peripheral vasomotor symptoms, bronchoconstriction, and an unusual type of cyanosis. Am. Hearts. Al, 795 (1954). 

Only a few reports exist that deal with the accuracy of MDCT for detecting and quantifying mitral valve disease, i.e., mitral valve regurgitation and/or stenosis (Alkadhi et al. 2006 Messika-Zeitoun et al. 2006) (Fig. 19.6). Very little information is available on the usefulness of MDCT for the diagnosis of pulmonary valve and tricuspid valve disease. Thus, the value of MDCT in diseases of the mitral valve, pulmonary valve, and tricuspid valve is still unclear, and echocar-... 

---