1.2.4- Triazines, 5-chloro-, reaction with

It was reported that 7-chloro-3-phenyl-4H-pyridazino[6,1 -c ]-1,2,4-triazine underwent reaction with hydrazine to give the unexpected product (146) (69AC(R)552). However, it was later established that the assigned structure for this reaction product was incorrect, and the correct hydrazino structure (147) for this product was confirmed by an independent synthesis (70S180). 

Another method of aromatization is the transformation of 1,2,4-triazinones into chloro-1,2,4-triazines by reaction with phosphoryl chloride, phosphorus pentachloride, or thionyl chloride,158, 160 176 , 79 183-191 as shown for the synthesis of 3-chloro-l,2,4-triazines, 18, 5-chloro-1,2,4-triazines 20, and 6-chloro-l,2,4-triazines 22. 

Reaction of 1,2,4-triazinamines with nitrous acid yields, via the diazonium salts, cither the 1,2,4-triazinones by reaction with water or the chloro-l,2,4-triazines by reaction with chloride ions.350a,b... 

An amino group can also be acylated <84JHC697, 86JHC935) it reacts with sulfonyl chlorides and aryl isocyanates <86JHC935>, and also with nitrous acid to give, via the diazonium salt (281), either the triazinone by reaction with water or the chloro-triazine by reaction with chloride ions (Scheme 50). Nitrosation of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazine 2-oxides (282) and subsequent thermolysis of the diazonium tetrafluoroborate salts (283) afforded 3-fluoro-1,2,4-triazine 2-oxides (284) (Scheme 51). In one instance the diazonium tetrafluoroborate was isolated <85H(23)1969>. 

Degradation of a herbicide by abiotic means may be divided into chemical and photochemical pathways. Herbicides are subject to a wide array of chemical hydrolysis reactions with sorption often playing a key role in the process. Chloro-j -triazines are readily degraded by hydrolysis (256). The degradation of many other herbicide classes has been reviewed (257,258). 

Combined treatment of atrazine with ozone and H2O2 resulted in retention of the triazine ring, and oxidative dealkylation with or without replacement of the 2-chloro group by hydroxyl (Nelieu et al. 2000). Reaction with ozone and hydroxyl radicals formed the analogous products with the additional formation of the acetamido group from one of the N-alkylated groups (Acero et al. 2000). 

The parent heterocycle of pyrido[2,3-e][l,2,4]triazine and its phenyl derivative 39 were prepared (89JHC475) by cyclization with polyphos-phoric acid of 3-acyIhydrazino-2-aminopyridines 36, obtained by reduction of the corresponding 3-acylhydrazino-2-nitropyridines 35. Compounds 35 were obtained from 3-fluoro-2-nitropyridine 34 either by reaction with benzoylhydrazine or by reaction with hydrazine and subsequent for-mylation of the initially formed 3-hydrazino-2-nitropyridine 38. Attempts to prepare 38 from 3-chloro-2-nitropyridine gave 2-hydrazino-3-chloropyridine 37. These results could be explained by semiempirical calculations (CNDO and MNDO calculations). 

Chloro-4,6-dimethoxy-l,3,5-triazine (100) reacts with iV-methylmorpholine at 20 °C to yield an isolable quaternary triazinylammonium salt (101 R = Me, R, R = C4H8O). This salt can then be reacted with a carboxylic acid to yield a 2-acyloxy-4,6-dimethoxy-l,3,5-triazine (102), which, in turn, can be reacted with an amine to yield an amide (103). This sequence of reactions provides an explanation for the activation (formation of reactive ester) of the carboxylic acid function by 2-chloro-4,6-disubstituted-l,3,5-triazines (100) in the presence of hindered amines. Several other hindered amines may replace iV-methylmorpholine in the process, but unhindered amines such as triethylamine and tributylamine were inactive. ... 

There has been a study of the mechanism of the activation of carboxylic acids to peptide formation by chloro-s -triazines in combination with tertiary amines. The first step, exemplified in Scheme 2 by the reaction of 2-chloro-4,6-disubstituted-l,3,5-triazines (18) with A -methylmorpholine, is formation of a quaternary triazinylammonium salt (20). Here there is NMR evidence for the formation at —50°C of the intermediate (19), showing that the substitution involves the two-step SnAt mechanism rather than a synchronous pathway. The subsequent reaction of (20) with a carboxylic acid yields the 2-acyloxy derivative (21), which carries an excellent leaving group for the amide-forming step. ... 

Agrawal and co-workers synthesized the insensitive triazine-based explosive PL-1 (193) from the reaction of cyanuric chloride (191) with 3,5-dichloroaniline (192), followed by nitration and displacement of the chloro groups with ammonia in acetone. PL-1 (193) (VOD 7861 m/s, d = 2.02 g/cm, DTA exotherm at 335 °C) has overall comprehensive properties close to TATB. 

Nucleophilic substitution of the 4-chloro group of the 4-pyranotriazines 103 with hydrazine gives the 4-hydrazino-triazines 104, which can be further elaborated to the corresponding azides 105 or cyclized upon reaction with formic acid or carbon disulfide to give the triazolotriazines 106 or thioxotriazolotriazines 107, respectively (Scheme 11) <2005HC0495>. 

The triazinethiones form sulfur-bridged oligomers by reaction with chlOro-l,3,5-triazines, and are oxidized to yield the dimeric species (53) (66JHC137).,... 

In general, the chemistry of fluoro-l,3,5-triazines resembles that of the chloro derivatives, and therefore will not be discussed in detail. There is evidence that cyanuric fluoride is less reactive than cyanuric chloride in reaction with aniline (76CCC3378). Chambers et al. have reported the isolation of a stable anion cr- complex from the reaction of cyanuric fluoride and cesium fluoride (equation 32) (77JCS(Pl)l605). Such species are believed to be intermediates in the formation of (68) from cyanuric fluoride and perfluoropropene (equation 33). Olah et al. have shown that cyanuric fluoride deoxygenates sulfoxides efficiently (equation 34) (80S221). 

Chloro-4,6-diphenyl- and 2-chloro-4,6-dimethyl- -triazines (318) undergo facile nucleophilic displacements with ammonia, amines, and hydrazine, with alkoxide, or with hydrosulfide ions, A convenient synthesis of monoamino-s-triazines in high yield is the reaction of 2-phenoxy-s-triazine (319) with ammonia or aliphatic amines (30-70°) or with aniline (120°). Triphenoxy- -triazine (320) reacts with all classes of amines without side-reactions... 

Cyanuric chloride has been used for the preparation of acyl chlorides, amides, and peptides. Conversion of cyanuric chloride into 2-chloro-4,6-dimethoxy-l,3,5-triazine (CDMT, 6) leads to a reagent that upon reaction with carboxylic acids produces the highly reactive 2-acyloxy-4,6-dimethoxy-l,3,5-triazines.P l The resulting active ester is a powerful acylating agent for alcohols and amines. The activation is performed in presence of a base, preferentially NMM, which leads to intermediate formation of 4-(4,6-dimethoxy-l,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-4-methylmorpholinium chloride (DMTMM, 7)P l (Scheme 5). This addition product is readily prepared from the commercially available CDMT (6) and NMM in THF and can be stored as solid compound in the cold.P P l It offers the advantage that it can be used in a one-... 

Scheme 5 Reaction of 2-Chloro-4,6-dimethoxy-l,3,5-triazine (CDMT, 6) with 4-Methylmorpholine To Form 4-(4,6-Dimethoxy-l,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-4-methylmorpholinium Chloride (DMTMM, 7)...

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