Transport, anomalous

A plot of the adatom density versus T is shown in Fig. 4. An anomalous increase in the density is observed at high temperatures. The dashed line represents the adatom population that would be predicted if there were no lateral interactions. However, the LJ potential between adatoms tends to stabilize them at the higher coverages, and it is this effect that causes the deviation from Arrhenius behavior at high temperatures. A similar temperature dependence is observed in the rate of mass transport on some metal surfaces (8,9), and it is possible that it is caused by the enhanced population of the superlayer at high temperatures. 

Masuda, A., Ushdia, K and Okamoto, T. (2005) New fluorescence correlation spectroscopy enabbng direct observation of spatiotemporal dependence of diffusion constants as an evidence of anomalous transport in extracellular matrices. Biophys.J., 88, 3584—3591. 

The rate and type of release can be analyzed by the expression Mt/Moo=ktn (76). In the case of pure Fickian diffusion n = 0.5, whereas n > 0.5 indicates anomalous transport, i.e., in addition to diffusion another process (or processes) also occurs. If n = 1 (zero order release), transport is controlled by polymer relaxation ("Case II transport") (76). The ln(Mt/Mco) versus In t plots, shown in Figure 4, give n = 0.47 and 0.67 for samples A-9.5-49 and A-4-56, respectively. Evidently theophylline release is controlled by Fickian diffusion in the former network whereas the release is... 

D Biren. Anomalous penetrant transport in glassy hydrogels. MS Thesis, University of Cincinnati, 1990. 

Ussing, H. H., Anomalous transport of electrolytes and sucrose through the isolated frog skin induced by hypertonicity of the outside bathing solution, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1966, 137, 543-555. 

The connection between anomalous conductivity and anomalous diffusion has been also established(Li and Wang, 2003 Li et al, 2005), which implies in particular that a subdiffusive system is an insulator in the thermodynamic limit and a ballistic system is a perfect thermal conductor, the Fourier law being therefore valid only when phonons undergo a normal diffusive motion. More profoundly, it has been clarified that exponential dynamical instability is a sufRcient(Casati et al, 2005 Alonso et al, 2005) but not a necessary condition for the validity of Fourier law (Li et al, 2005 Alonso et al, 2002 Li et al, 2003 Li et al, 2004). These basic studies not only enrich our knowledge of the fundamental transport laws in statistical mechanics, but also open the way for applications such as designing novel thermal materials and/or... 

Anomalous behavior of fluctuations might manifest itself in the event-by-event analysis of the heavy ion collision data. In small (L) size systems, L < , (zero dimension case would be L order parameter to the specific heat is still increased, as we have mentioned, see [15]. The anomalous behavior of the specific heat may affect the heat transport. Also kinetic coefficients are substantially affected by fluctuations due to the shortening of the particle mean free paths, as the consequence of... 

From hereafter, we will neglect the electrochemical aspects of redox processes of adsorbed proteins, in order to consider in more detail redox processes governed by diffusion of the protein in solution. As mentioned in Chapter 2, Section 1.6, the case of adsorbed species is in some ways easier to treat, given the absence of the mathematical laws of mass transport, but in some cases it may be complicated by anomalous currents or electrode poisoning. 

Cheng JT, Pyrak-Nolte LJ, Nolle DD, Giordano NJ (2004) Linking pressure and saturation through interfacial areas in porous media. Geophys Res Lett 31, L08502 Cortis A, Berkowitz B (2004) Anomalous transport in classical soil and sand columns. Soil Sci Soc Amer J 68 1539-1548. Erratum 69 285 (2005)... 

Fortunately, ground waters dissolve and transport metals from mineral deposits at depth to the surface, where the metals adsorb onto the surfaces of organic matter and Fe- and Mn-oxy-hydroxide particles in the soil. Unfortunately, the adsorption of these ions contributes only a small amount of additional metal to the soil, resulting in marginally anomalous... 

Ferruginous, coarse Pb-rich Bengaccah anomaly material would have been deposited over a relatively short interval in a palaeochannel and subsequently covered by later depositional material. However fermginous material (commonly pisoiiths) in the current stream channels reflects material transported and reworked over the period since the Tertiary. Thus the anomalous Pb in surficial coarse and magnetic soil fractions from the Bengaccah and Northern Pods area represents Tertiary to present mechanical dispersion. 

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