Transmembrane pressure profiles

Figure 4. Concentration of Cells (AG Techn. 500K MWCO Hollow Fibers) Flux and Average Transmembrane Pressure Profiles for Constant Permeate Flow-Controlled Operation...

Figure 13. Transmembrane pressure profiles (a) uniform transmembrane pressure operation, and (b) conventional cross-flow operation.

Figure 10.16b Mole fraction profile of a Claus reaction in a catalytic nonpermselective membrane at 300X in the absence of a transmembrane pressure difference [Sloot et al., 19901...

Nonuniform TMP values over the filtration surface area may cause substantial (up to 50%) reduction in the product recovery in the permeate. A novel approach to improving the flux and/or product recovery utilizes the concept of a uniform transmembrane pressure. lf This is achieved by varying the permeate side pressure with an independent recirculation pump to adjust the TMP to a constant value. A schematic of the UTP and conventional cross-flow configuration is shown in Figs. 11 and 12, respectively. The TMP profiles for the two operational modes are shown in Fig. 13. Flux improvements up to 500% have been achieved compared with the conventional cross-flow mode in many important food, beverage and biotechnology applications. 

Figure 5.14. Calculated mole fraction profiles at different modified transmembrane pressures. From Veldsink et al [5.50], with permission from Overseas Publishers Association.

FIGURE 19.10 Dynamics profile of the flux recovery in cleaning WPC-fouled PVDF MF membranes using NaOH solution at pH 13 and 30°C, and at cross-flow velocity of 0.45 m-s and 350 kPa transmembrane pressure. (From Mercade-Prieto, R. and Chen, X.D., J. Membrane Sci., 254, 157, 2005. With permission.)... 

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