Transitions design

The Maxwell-Boltzman distribution function permits calculation of the effect of temperature on each electronic transition. Designated by /V0 and /Ve, the number of atoms in the ground and excited states, one obtains ... 

Fig. 7.9. The Kr26+ 2-3 spectrum with satellites (composite over several similar discharges) is shown in the top frame, including the neon-like transition designations. In the bottom frame is a synthetic spectrum...

Anonymous (1965). Danny King. Coloradan yearbook. 225. University of Colorado Boulder. P King, D.L. (1966). Comparison of intake transition designs for a large pumping plant. ASCE Water Resources Engineering Conference Denver CO 1-40. 

Figure 3 An absorption spectrum representing the three absorption transitions designated 1, 2 and 3, in /7gu/e 2.

So far we have only considered transitions of outer electrons giving rise to lines in the IR, visible and UV spectral regions. If a vacancy is created in an inner shell, de-excitation occurs by successive transitions inwards by electrons from outer shells (Chap. 5). In Fig.4.8 level and transition designations for the inner shells of the copper atom are given. 

The max transition design rule constraint does not provide a direct control over the actual capacitance of nets. The max.capacitance design rule constraint was introduced to provide a means to Umit capacitance directly. This constraint behaves like the max.transition constraint, but the cost hmction is based on the total capacitance of the net instead of the transition time. The max capacitance constraint is fully independent, so one can use it in conjunction with max.transition. During compile, DC ensures that there are no max.capacitance violations, that is, the max.capacitance constraint on the output pin of a driving cell exceeds or equals the summation of the capacitance of the pins driven by this cell and the net capacitances. The max capacitance attribute can be specified on designs or ports, max.transition, max fanout and max.capacitance can be used to control buffering in a design. 

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