Transductional targeting

Berenbaum F. Signaling transduction target in osteoarthritis. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2004 16 616-22. 

There is a huge variety of plant defensive secondary metabolites that has been the subject of major phytochemical [1-6] or pharmacological and toxicological [7-12] compilations. This structural complexity is very briefly reviewed below before considering those plant bioactives with signal transduction targets. The major groups are the phenolics, the terpenoids and the alkaloids as well as bioactives structurally related to... 

SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION TARGETS FOR PLANT DEFENSIVE SECONDARY METABOLITES... 

A recently published review [44] summarizes the importance and development of this approach. The major application is seen for the description of target site equilibration, transduction, target interaction and activation, homeostatic feedback and disease process. Especially, the search and implementation of new biomarkers makes this approach feasible and promising for the future application of PD models in clinical drug development. 

MuUer OJ, Leuchs B, Pleger ST, Grimm D, Franz WM, Katus HA, Kleinschmidt JA. Improved cardiac gene transfer by transcriptional and transductional targeting of adeno-assodated viral vectors. Cardiovasc Res 2006 70 70-78. 

Glasgow JN, Everts M, Curiel DT (2006) Transductional targeting of adenovirus vectors for gene therapy Cancer Gene Ther 13 830-844... 

The spatial and steric requirements for high affinity binding to protein kinase C (PKC), a macromolecule that has not yet been crystallized, were determined. Protein kinase C plays a critical role in cellular signal transduction and is in part responsible for cell differentiation. PKC was identified as the macromolecular target for the potent tumor-promoting phorbol esters (25). The natural agonists for PKC are diacylglycerols (DAG) (26). The arrows denote possible sites of interaction. 

Small ubiquitous calcium-binding protein. Calmodulin binds and regulates the activity of many protein targets involved in cellular signal transduction pathways mediated by calcium. Calmodulin is ranked among the most conserved proteins and plays a key role in many cellular processes. 

O neill LA (2006) Targeting signal transduction as a strategy to treat inflammatory diseases. Nat Rev Drug Discov 5 549-563... 

Mikalsen T, Gerits N, Moens U (2006) Inhibitors of signal transduction protein kinases as targets for cancer therapy. Biotechnol Annu Rev 16 153-223... 

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