Trans-activating region

Sodroski J, Patarca R, Rosen C, Wong-Staal F, Haseltine W. 1985. Location of the trans-activating region on the genome... 

The transactivation-responsive region (TAR) is located immediately downstream of the transcriptional start site in the HIV-1 LTR, encompassing nucleotides h-1 to h-59 (Berkhout et al. 1989 Muesing et al. 1987), and is reqnired for the function of the viral trans-activator protein Tat. In the absence of Tat (Fig. 5.2b), short transcripts... 

The second pathway for the reaction B11(A3) + H2 leads to complex B21, where the N-H bonds are trans to each other. It takes the now familiar path addition of H2 across the Zr2-N2 bond, where the original hydrogen atoms are in the N -H and Zr -H2 bonds. TS B20 for this reaction involves four atoms, Zr2, N2, H3 and H4, in the active regions and has the typical bond distances N2- H4=1.369A, H3-H4=1.033A, H3-Zi2 2.219A and Zr2-... 

Tax, a transcriptional activator of the viral genome (Sodroski et al., 1984 Fujisawa et al., 1985), is a 40-kDa phosphoprotein comprised of 353 amino acids. Tax protein is the trans-activator protein, which drives viral gene expression from TRE within U3 region of LTR. Tax also interacts with cellular transcription factors such as cAMP-response element binding protein... 

It is assumed that trans-activating domains are structural elements that can adapt to become complementary to a surface of the transcription apparatus in a flexible and rather unspecific manner. Furthermore, parts of the trans-activating domain mediate contacts to the chromatin-remodeling and chromatin-modifying complexes and recruit these to the enhancer or promotor region. Information on the structure of... 

Thus far we have looked at the Ids vs. Vqs curve only for the case of Vbs = 0. In Fig. 7.16 a family of curves of Ids vs. Vds for various constant values of Vbs is presented. This is called the drain characteristics, and is also known as the output characteristics, since the output side of the JFET is usually the drain side. In the active region where Fds is relatively independent of Vds > there is a simple approximate equation relating 7ds to Vgs- This is the square law trans-ferequationasgivenby/Ds = Fdss[1-(Vgs/Vp)]l In Fig. 7.17 a graph of the 7ds vs. Vgs transfer characteristics for the JFET is presented. When Vgs = 0,... 

Similarly, a series of 19- to 26-membered polyazadipyridinocyclophane scaffolds (273) was assembled as a screening collection of almost 25,000 compounds. Perhaps not surprisingly, the yields in the macrocyclization decreased as the ring size increased, from 95% for the 19-membered ring (m = 2, n = l) to 40% for the 26-ring size (m = 6, n = 4). These libraries proved to be sources of antibacterial activity and inhibitors of HIV-1 tat (trans-activator of transcription)/TAR (trans-activation responsive region) protein-RNA interactions. 

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