Trail mimics

With our trail-following signal-deforming bioassay, we tested the attractiveness of fresh, 1 day old and frozen scent. We documented the number of trail mimics that... 

Fig. 9.4 Following a chemical trail mimic by 7. longicomis. Visualized trail and upwardly-directed trail following. A trail mimic was created by releasing seawater, scented with copepod odors. The trail on the left is the undisturbed trail. The disturbed chevron-dotted trails on the right show how the trail structure changes after the male copepod /. longicornis follows odor trail. The copepod is located at upper end of disturbance in trail (Yen et al. 2004). Copyright CRC Press...

Fig. 9.6 Average number of trail follows executed by 7. longicornis males for the chemical-trail mimics of T. longicornis female, T. longicornis male, Acartia hudsonica female, and an unscented control. Error bars refer to the standard error of mean trail follows out of 25 trail encounters from two experiments. Trail following data were subjected to a chi-square test of associations between trail type and following frequency. Chi Square = 24.79, degrees of freedom = 3, p-value < 0.001 (i.e. there is an association between the frequency of follows and the trail type), n = 25 (which refers to number of trail encounters per experiment). Statistical analysis was conducted using SigmaStat 3.5 (Port Richmond, CA)...

Li L, et al. A small molecule Smac mimic potentiates TRAIL-and TNFalpha-mediated cell death. Science 2004 305 1471-1474. 

Li L, Thomas RM, Suzuki H, De Brabander JK, Wang X, Harran PG. A small molecule Smac mimic potentiates TRAIL- and TNFalpha-mediated cell death. Science 2004 305 1471-1474. Rothe M, Pan MG, Henzel WJ, Ayres TM, Goeddel DV. The TNFR2-TRAE signaling complex contains two novel proteins related to baculoviral inhibitor of apoptosis proteins. Cell 1995 83 1243-1252. 

Finally, there are Type IV SAPs, which mimic characteristics of polymeric and lipid surfactant molecules. Type IV SAPs are by nature amphiphilic the leading head group contains at least one hydrophilic amino acid, which is trailed by a sequence of six identical hydrophobic amino acids to create a hydrophobic tail. It is known that both cationic and anionic amphiphiles will self-assemble into mbu-lar stfuctures at neutral pH [57]. First, the peptides assemble into bilayers in order... 

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