Toxicogenomics concept

Stierum, R. et al., Toxicogenomics concepts and applications to study hepatic effects of food additives and chemicals, Review, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 207, 179, 2005. 

Essential Concepts in Toxicogenomics, edited by Donna L. Mendrick and William B. Mattes, 2008... 

Irwin RD, Boorman GA, Cunningham ML, Heinloth AN, Malarkey DE, Paules RS (2004) Application of toxicogenomics to toxicology basic concepts in the analysis of microarray data. Toxicol Pathol 32(Suppl l) 72-83... 

Toxicogenomics enables safety for humans and the environment without animal testing (ASAT). Due to legislation and requirements for chemical and food safety that recommend no animal tests there is an urgent need for reliable, quick and low-cost test methods that are not based on animal models. Toxicogenomics is expected to enable the development of such methods within a new concept of safety and risk assessment (ASAT). 

A similar concept uses chemogenomic reference libraries, which results in chemogenomics/toxicogenomics fingerprints for comparative studies. 

While diagnostic toxicogenomic biomarkers show great promise and utility in these types of proof-of-concept studies, translatability to routine use in the drug discovery testing paradigm or application to human health has not yet become mainstream. 

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