Toxicity of organotin compounds

Table 23 Toxicity of organotin compounds to aquatic organisms. ...

Fig. 2. Acute toxicity of organotin compounds to freshwater aquatic organisms.

Seinen W, Vos JG, van Spanje I, Snoek M, Brands R, Hooykaas H (1977a) Toxicity of organotin compounds. II. Comparative in vivo and in vitro studies with various organotin and organolead compounds in different animal species with special emphasis on lymphocyte cytotoxicity. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 42(1) 197-212. 

The relative toxicity of organotin compounds to alga Scenedesmus obliquus is shown in Table 12. Pettibone and Cooney investigated the toxicity of methyltins (MMT MeSnCl3 DMT Me2SnCl2 and TMT Me3SnCl) to microbial populations in estuary sediments in... 

TABLE 12. 96-h-ECso and relative toxicity of organotin compounds for growth of S. obliquus (modified from Reference 81) ... 

Development of quantitative structure activity relations for use in evaluating toxicity of organotin compounds (Hall and Pinkney 1985 Laughlin and Linden 1985 Laughlin et al. 1985 Laughlin 1987). 

Argese, E., C. Bettiol, A.V. Ghirardini, M. Fasolo, G. Giurin, and P.F. Ghetti. 1998. Comparison of in vitro submitochondrial particle and Microtox assays for determining the toxicity of organotin compounds. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 17 1005-1012. 

Elferink, J.G.R., M. Deierkauf, and J.V. Steveninck. 1986. Toxicity of organotin compounds for polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The effect on phagocytosis and exocytosis. Biochem. Pharmacol. 35 3727-3732. 

Seinen, W., J.G. Vos, R. Van Krieken, A. Penninks, R. Brands, and H. Hooykass. 1977a. Toxicity of organotin compounds. IB. Suppression of thymus-dependent immunity in rats by di-n-butyltindichloride and di-n-octyltindichloride. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 42 213-224. 

There is a listing of dermal LDso values in animals for a number of organotin compounds (Smith 1978). A dermal LDso in rabbits was reported to be 11,700 mg/kg bis(tributyltin)oxide (Elsea and Paynter 1958). For rats, an LDso of 605 mg/kg is given (Smith 1978). Despite variations in values for other compounds such as benzoates, naphthenates, and fluorides, the acute dermal toxicity of organotin compounds is generally less than by the oral route. The LDso values for representative species in the acute- and intermediate-duration category are recorded in Table 2-4. Doses are expressed as mg/kg/day compound rather than as doses of tin. 

Ema, M., Hirose, A. (2006). Reproductive and developmental toxicity of organotin compounds. In Metals, Fertility and Reproductive Toxicity (M.S. Golub, ed.), pp. 23-64. CRC Press/Taylor Francis Group, LLC, Boca Raton. 

Table 23-2 Mammalian toxicity of organotin compounds RnSnX4 na.

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