Toxicity evaluation injection method

These methods are seldom used for industrial or household chemicals they do not approximate a normal exposure. They are used, however, for evaluation of drugs on occasions when the drug may be used by ipjection or when a quick estimate of the toxicity of the drug is required to compare with its therapeutic effects. LD50 or ED50 can be calculated from these injections, graded doses are used, and a dose response ciuwe is often obtained. 

This technique will be useful In the pharmacokinetic evaluation of drugs which cannot be given by a single quick bolus injection, because of potential toxicity, irritation or limited solubility. These authors utilized Laplace, transform input functions In deriving their equations, a rapid and easy method for deriving pharmacokinetic equations which should find expanded use in the next year. 

The cytotoxicity of star-shaped FOL-PEG-PCL micelle to MCE-7 cell was evaluated using MTT assay method. Fig. 3 demonstrates the cell viability after 24 hours incubation with polymeric micelle at various concentrations (0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/irL). The results showed that cell viability of MCF-7 cell decreased as the concentration of micelle increased. However, the lowest cell viability approximately 92% was observed at a concentration of 1.0 mg/irL. The cells viability assay indicates that the star-shaped FOL-PEG-PCL micelle has generally low cytotoxicity to the MCF-7 cells with concentration up to 1.0 mg/irL. The data of macrophage response and hemolysis test suggest that the star-shaped FOL-PEG-PCL micelle prepared in this study had a moderate to low in vitro toxicity and could be safe for intravenous injection. 

An isotonic NaCl solution saturated with ozone was injected intracuta-neously or a saturated aqueous solution was administered orally to rabbits. In animals, injected with ozonized water, the red blood cell level remained stable in the course of experiment (10 days). An increase in leucocyte level (2 fold) was observed at the expense of monocytes. Changes of the granulocytes were not pronounced. The functional activity of neutrophilic cells, evaluated by phagocytosis activity is increased 1.5 times. On intracuta-neous administration of ozonized isotonic NaCl solution, the leucocyte level was diminished after the first hour, enhanced after the third hour and remained high by the end of experiment with respect to the initial level. By comparing the two methods, it was established that the toxic effect was more pronounced with the intracutaneous administration than the oral one. Thus, for example, the activity of the process of lipid peroxide oxidation, evaluated through malonic dialdehyde determination in erythrocytes, increased by 3-fold upon intracutaneous injection and did not change af-... 

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