Total parameters chemical oxygen demand

Fig. 5 Main contamination sources identified by PCA for sediments, fish, and suface water in the Ebro River basin, and explained variances for each principal component. Variable identification. Organic compounds in sediments 1, summatory of hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) 2, summa-tory of DDTs (DDTs) 3, hexachlorobenzene (HCB) 4, hexachlorobutadiene (HCBu) 5, summatory of trichlorobenzenes (TCBs) 6, naphthalene 7, fluoranthene 8, benzo(a)pyrene 9, benzo(b) fluoranthene 10, benzo(g,h,i)perylene 11, benzo(k)fluoranthene 12, indene(l,2,3-cd)pyrene. Organic compounds in fish 1, hexachlorobenzene (HCB) 2, summatory of hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) 3, o,p-DDD 4, o,p-DDE 5, o,p-DDT 6, p,p-DDD 7, />,/>DDE 8, />,/>DDT 9, summatory of DDTs (DDTs) 10, summatory of trichlorobenzenes (TCBs) 11, hexachlorobutadiene (HCBu) 12, fish length. Physico-chemical parameters in water 1, alkalinity 2, chlorides 3, cyanides 4, total coliforms 5, conductivity at 20°C 6, biological oxygen demand 7, chemical oxygen demand 8, fluorides 9, suspended matter 10, total ammonium 11, nitrates 12, dissolved oxygen 13, phosphates 14, sulfates 15, water temperature 16, air temperature...

In high levels these parameters may be inhibitory to biological systems m = thousands BOD, biochemical oxygen demand COD, chemical oxygen demand TSS, total suspended solids. 

Fig. 8-6. Multivariate correlation coefficients between the sampling points on the river Saale for the water components nitrate and ammonium and the collective parameters conductivity, total hardness, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, and chemical oxygen demand...

Chemical oxygen demand (COD) is another useful tie parameter that sharpens the material balance exercise, especially to link the production areas with the effluent treatment plant. The audit team can estimate the contribution of each process department in terms of total COD load in kg/day, knowing the volume of wastewater and the COD discharged by each department and cross checking it with the COD load observed at the treatment facilities. 

Alkalinity, Chemical Oxygen Demand by potassium permanganate method (CODMn), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Total and Calcium Hardness, Salinity, Sulfides, Cu, Cr and Fe were the monitored quality parameters, using standard titrimetric analytical methods according to Romanian regulations and UV-VIS spectrometry by standard addition method (Chirila et al., 2005). 

In order to characterize water quality, the following parameters were measured from the water samples in accordance with Hungarian Standards total organic carbon (TOC), chemical oxygen demand, concentrations of ammonium, nitrite and nitrate ion, iron, manganese, pH, conductivity, m-alkality, turbidity, and heterotroph colony count. 

Although there are 30 water quality parameters available, only 23 completely monitored parameters were selected. A total of 254 samples were used for the analysis. The 23 water quality parameters were dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), electrical conductivity (EC), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammoniacal nitrogen (AN), pH, suspended solids (SS), temperature (T), salinity (Sal), turbidity (Tur), dissolved solid (DS), total solid (TS), nitrate (NO ), chlorine (Cl), phosphate (PO ), zinc (Zn), calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), E.coli and coUform. 

Parameters such as biochemical oxygen demand (e.g. BOD5) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) cannot simply be converted into a figure for the total content of organic matter. For this reason, additional overall parameters have been introduced to establish the total content of organically bound... 

COD, chemical oxygen demand TJCN, total Kjehldahl nitro n. All paramet are in mg/L exc t pH. 

Depending on the wastewater treatment technique used, different global parameters have been employed. In chemical treatment using strong oxidants like O3, H202/Fe , etc., TOC (Total Organic Carbon) and COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) are frequently used. 

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