TNFa receptor

Cytokine receptors TNFa receptors Etanercept (receptor mimic)... 

In intact animals hepatocyte growth can be prevented by injection of antibodies to either TNFa (Bojes et al. 1997 Rolfe et al. 1997) or TNFa receptor 1 (West et al. 1999). PPARa activators increased TNFa mRNA more than twofold (Bojes et al. 1997 Rolfe et al. 1997). Because increases in TNFa expression have not been consistently observed by others (Anderson et al. 2001 Holden et al. 2000), treatment with PPARa activators may not result in de novo TNFa expression, but... 

In this assay, antisense inhibitors to 80 sites in the target RNA are synthesized and screened in TNFa-receptor 1 positive cells. In addition, the effects of a variety of control oli-gonucleotidesare evaluated. In this figure, the RNA is displayed 5 in the translated region to the 3 -untranslated region and each bar rep-... 

TNFa Receptors. TNFa exerts its effect through two high-affinity, cell-surface receptors p55 and p75 receptors [42,52]. Both TNF receptors are expressed in the... 

Fig. 13.2. TNFa receptor-signaling activates of all three members of the mitogen activated protein kinase (MARK) family, including the p44/p42 (also termed extracellular signal-related kinases, ERK-1/2), the c-Jun-NH2-terminal kinases (JNK also termed stress-activated protein kinases, SAPK), and p38 MARK (also termed stress/cytokine-activated kinases). U0126 blocks MARK kinase (MEK) phosphorylation of ERKl/2.

This cytokine has a long history of involvement in a number of inflammatory pain pathways. TNFa receptors are present in numerous tissues including neurons and glia. It has been shown to play important roles in both inflammatory and neuropathic hyperalgesia. In animals, intraplantar injection of complete Freund s adjuvant results in significant release of TNFa with a resultant hyperalgesia. This effect is delayed by the administration of an anti-TNFa antiserum. 

---