Titanium powder, wetted

Small metal particles are produced by mechanical comminution, chemical reaction, electrolytic deposition, and liquid-metal atomization  

Alkali metals and alkaline earth metals are often prepared in commerce as dispersions in which the metal is suspended in some liquid, often flammable. 

Powder metallurgy and other types of process metallurgy (i.e., casting, working, machining, and electroforming) result in a vast number of finished or intermediate products  

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Titanium Powder, wetted with not less than 23% water 1352 32 Toxic Solid, oxidizing, n.o.s. Toxic Solid, self-healing, n.o.s. 3086 42... 

Harkins and Dahlstrom1 have carried out a very interesting analysis of the heat of wetting of titanium dioxide by various pure and mixed liquids. The heat evolved on immersion of the dry powder in dry benzene or other hydrocarbon is small if butyric acid, or alcohols, or water are present, in very small amounts, the heat evolved is about doubled esters produce an increase in the heat of wetting, but less than compounds with OH or COOH groups. The maximum heat appears to be evolved as soon as enough of these polar substances are present to form a layer one molecule thick on the surface of the powder. This seems to indicate that the affinity of the solid surface is practically completely satisfied when a layer one molecule thick of butyric acid is adsorbed, so that nearly all the heat of adsorption arises from the adhesion of this layer. 

Insoluble solids, regardless of particle size, that have a relatively low interfacial tension and are readily wetted by water are called hydrophilic solids. These solids include clays (bentonite, kaolin, talc, magnesium aluminum silicate) bismuth salts, barium sulfate, carbonates, hydroxides, or oxides of calcium, magnesium, zinc, and aluminum and titanium dioxide. The hydro-philicity of a powder surface can be investigated with the help of moisture absorption studies in which the solid particles are exposed to varying relative humidities. Insoluble powders that absorb moisture below relative humidities of 70-80% at room temperature are said to be hydrophilic solids. 

Use Aluminum alloys for structural parts, die-cast auto parts, missiles, space vehicles powder for pyrotechnics and flash photography, production of iron, nickel, zinc, titanium, zirconium antiknock gasoline additives magnesium compounds and Gri-gnard syntheses cathodic protection reducing agent desulfurizing iron in steel manufacture precision instruments optical mirrors dry and wet batteries. 

Many of the sohds used in a dispersed state in pol)nners have high energy, hydrophilic surfaces. Examples include titanium dioxide, coloured pigments, mica and even metal particles. Such powdered sohds can be made more compatible with polymers by coating their sm-faces with an adsorbed layer of surfactant in the form of a dispersant. Sodium di-alkyl sulphosuccinates, more commonly used as wetting agents, have been employed for this purpose. 

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