Titanium hydrogenation

X-ray emission spectrography developed in a way that made it convenient to segregate as light elements—elements ordinarily beyond reach of the method—those of atomic number lower than titanium. Hydrogen and helium are, of course, excluded because they emit no x-ray lines (1.19). In the early days of x-ray emission spectrography, its relative uselessness for the determination of elements between helium and titanium counted heavily against it in comparison with emission spectrography in the visible or ultraviolet. 

Titanium disulfide, 25 57, 58 Titanium disulfide electrodes sloping discharge curve, 3 414 Titanium esters, 25 1 Titanium fluorides, 25 47-49 Titanium halides, 25 47-55 Titanium hydride, 13 626 Titanium hydrides, 25 5 Titanium-hydrogen system, 25 3-5 phase diagram for, 25 5 Titanium iodides, 25 54-55 Titanium/isopropoxy/nitrilotriethoxy ratio, 25 93... 

Totaling 84, these elements include, in descending order of abundance, titanium, hydrogen, phosphoms, nitrogen, barium, and strontium, each one of them in less than one percent. 

The group IV B elements titanium, zirconium, and hafnium exhibit the normal isotope effect. Most of the data for the titanium-hydrogen system have been obtained at elevated temperatures. However, extrapolation of the available data (II, 13,31) to room temperature indicates a normal effect for hydrogen and deuterium. The group VB metals vanadium, niobium, and tantalum, on the other hand, exhibit inverse isotope effects indeed, these are the only pure metals that exhibit the inverse effect near room temperature. Extensive data have been reported for these systems. The P-C-T data obtained by Wiswall and Reilly (32) for vanadium hydrogen and deuterium clearly show a greater stability for... 

Although the pure titanium-hydrogen system exhibits the normal isotope effect, many titanium alloys show the inverse effect. The exchange of pro-tium-tritium mixture with the hydrided phase of these alloys has demonstrated an inverse protium-tritium isotope effect in Ti-V, Ti-Mo, Ti-Cr, Ti-Mn, and the ternary alloy TiCrMn (1). On the other hand, Ti-Co, Ti-Fe, and Ti-Ni systems exhibit the normal isotope effect. Clearly much can be learned from a study of these systems. 

Oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, sodium, potassium, and magnesium constitute 99% of the Earth s crust. If the next four most abundant elements—titanium, hydrogen, manganese, and phosphorus—are included, then nearly 99.9% of the composition of the crust is explained. That is, most of the industrially important elements, aside from iron and aluminum, make up a very small proportion of the Earth s crust. If we define the scarce elements as those with average abundances less than 1,000 ppm (i.e., elements with abundances less than that of phosphorus), then the 80 or so scarce elements amount to about one-tenth of 1 wt.% (0.1%). 

Schwandt, C. and Fray, D.J. (2006) The titanium/hydrogen system as the solid-state reference in high-temperature proton conductor-based hydrogen sensors./. Appl. Electrochem., 36, 557-65. 

Aluminium, titrimetric EDTA. Titanium, EDTA titration of titanium-hydrogen peroxide complex. 

Disodium hydrogen phosphate solution white precipitate of titanium hydrogen phosphate, Ti(HP04)2, in dilute sulphuric acid solution. 

Lamellar a-titanium hydrogen phosphate (a-Ti(HP04)2.H20) can be used to obtain, through proton ion exchange processes, other phosphates, such as Ca, ... 

Tengvall, P., Lundstrom, J., Sjoquist, L., Elwing, H. and Bjursten, L.M. (1989) Titanium-Hydrogen Peroxide Interactions. Model Studies of the Influence of the Inflammatory Response on Titanium Implants. Biomaterials 10 (3) 166-175. 

P. Tengvall, L. Lundstrom, L. Sjokvist, H. Elwing, and L.M. Bjurstein, Titanium-hydrogen peroxide interaction model studies of the influence of the inflammatory response on titanium implants. Biomaterials, 10,166-175 (1989). 

Interlayer Spacings of Zirconium and Titanium Hydrogen Salts... 

Source G.A. Lenning, C.M. Craighead, and R.I. Jaffee, Constitution and Mechanical Properties of Titanium-Hydrogen Alloys, Hydrogen Damage, C.D. Beachem, Ed., American Society for Metals, 1977, p 100... 

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