Tissue damage calcium salts

The characteristic features of chronic intoxication are deposition of calcium salts in various tissues. A followup study of 24 children with vitamin D intoxication (13 900-200 000 lU/day) for up to 13 years showed that 23% of the patients had permanent damage. The severity of renal, neurological, and digestive symptoms was related to the daily dose, but the final consequences depended on the duration of overdosage (7). Vitamin D intoxication has also been seen after so-called Stoss prophylaxis in children, that is the use of single very... 

C. Note Calcium chloride salt should not be used for intradermal, subcutaneous, or intra-arterial injection because it is too concentrated and may result in further tissue damage. 

In dystrophic calcifications, the mineralisation occurs without a systemic mineral imbalance as a response to previous cell injury on the microscopic level or any soft tissue damage, including that involved in implantation of medical devices or bioprosthetic heart valves [25], Injury and cell death can cause the release of intracellular phosphate ions and fatty acids into the extracellular environment, where sparingly soluble calcium salts are precipitated in tissues. This type of calcification is particularly common in atherosclerosis and diseases associated with chronic inflammation. 

Figure 10.22 Relationship of surface activity, tissue damage, type of reaction and sarcoma production n% for salts of Patent Blue V ( sodium salt O calcium salt). From Grasso [182] with permission.

Extravasation of an Lv. infusion may cause severe tissue damage, especially when calcium salts are used. In 8 patients, mostly... 

---