Tin-donor ligands

TiN nanoparticles are produced via ammonolysis of TiCl4Ln complexes (L = donor ligand. Table 19.1) in the solid state (Eq. 1) [24]. 

Amongst some specific reactions used in regioselective syntheses, we note the cyclometallation processes [Sec. 2.2.5.1, reaction (2.8) Sec. 3.1.1.2, reactions (3.40)-(3.44) Sec. 3.3.2.3, reactions (3.226)-(3.228)]. In this respect, we note that C,N-donor ligands form, depending on the nature of Lewis acids, two types of complexes. In the case of immediate interaction (4.35) of azomethines 859 with titanium or tin tetrachlorides (MC14), the molecular complexes with M—N bond 860 [101] were obtained (route A), while the cyclometallation reaction with the use of palladium diacetate leads to binuclear chelates 861, in which the Pd — N, C metal-cycles are formed (4.35) [11,114-116] ... 

A,A-dimethylformamide (DMF), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), will form complexes with the tin, breaking the polymeric structure of the dioxastannolane but maintaining a coordination number of greater than four at the metal. A m-R2Sn02L structure has been proposed on the basis of 119Sn chemical shifts (—137 to —189 ppm) and Mbssbauer data (A 2.11-2.82 mm/second). The donor ligand is readily lost under reduced pressure (224). 

Most of the complexes of germanium, tin, and lead in the IV oxidation state contain halide ions or donor ligands that are oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, or phosphorus compounds. 

An interesting part of chemistry comprises the divalent complexes of the Group 14 elements, germanium, tin and lead, supported by tetradentate nitrogen and oxygen donor ligands. The [Salen ] ligand system, obtained by condensation of a salicylaldehyde... 

Neutral monodentate A-donor ligands have been used to prepare monomeric six-coordinate tin(IV) complexes all-trans R2SnX2(L)2 (R = cyclohexyl (Cy), Ph, X = Br, L = pyrazole, imidazole, R = Ph, vinyl, X = C1, L = pyrazole ). However, the product of the reaction between Ph2SnCl2 and pyrazine has an overall stoichiometry of Ph2SnCl2(pyrazine)o,75, and consists in the solid state of alternating layers of polymeric [Ph2SnCl2(pyrazine)] , which has a six-coordinate... 

The general area of germanium and tin coordination by bidentate oxygen donor ligands has been reviewed. ... 

Ethane- and propane-1,2-dithiolato Cp titanium derivatives have been reported. They are reduced by boron and tin hydrides.1013,1014 Mono-Cp titanium(iv) sulfido complexes have been made by treatment of CpTiCl3 with dithiols in the presence of donor ligands such as imidazole or PMe3 under different reaction conditions (Scheme 418).1015 The structures of the compounds have been reported. Electrochemical studies suggest that these compounds are formed through a radical mechanism.1016... 

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