Three effects of an electric current

The three effects of an electric current when an electric current flows in a circuit it can have one or more of the following three effects heating, magnetic or chemical... 

We wish only to remind readers that there are three main methods of electrochemical re-vealment conductivity, direct current (d.c.) amperometry, and integrated amperometry (pulsed amperometry is a form of integrated amperometry). In revealment by conductivity, the analytes, in ionic form, move under the effect of an electric field created inside the cell. The conductivity of the solution is proportional to the mobility of the ions in solution. Since the mobile phase is itself an electrolytical solution, in order to increase the signal/noise ratio and the response of the detector, it is very useful to have access to an ion suppressor before the revealment cell. By means of ionic exchange membranes, the suppressor replaces the counterions respectively with H+ or OH , allowing only an aqueous solution of the analytes under analysis to flow into the detector. 

There are three thermoelectric phenomena that result from correlation between propagation of heat through a conductor and displacement of the current carriers in the conductor. The Seebeck effect (Ref 1) consists of formation of an electric current in an electrical circuit formed by two dissimilar conductors if the contacts between the conductors are held at different temperatures. A reverse phenomenon, the Peltier effect (Ref 2), consists of formation of a temperature difference between the contacts in a circuit of this type if an electric current is created in the circuit by an external current source to which the circuit is connected. W. Thomson (Lord Kelvin), who explained both effects (Refs. 3,4), predicted and experimentally confirmed the existence of another thermoelectric phenomenon, named the Thomson effect, which consists of absorption or release of heat in a uniform conductor with a current passing through it when a temperature gradient (positive or negative) is present along the current direction. 

The severity of the shock depends on three factors (1) how much current flows through your body (measured in amperes), (2) what path the electric Ciurent takes through your body, and (3) how long your body is part of the electric circuit. The effects of an electric shock on your body can range fi om a faint tingle at 1 milliamp, to cardiac arrest, severe burns, and probable death, at 10,000 milliamps. 

Seebeck s outstanding scientific achievement was the discovei"y of one of the three classical thermoelectric effects, which are the Seebeck, the Peltier, and the Thomson effects. Seebeck s discovery was the first, dating from 1822—1823, followed by that of Jean-Charles-Athanase Peltier in 1832 and that of William Thomson in 1854. Seebeck obseiwed that an electric current in a closed circuit comprised different metallic components if he heated the junctions of the components to different temperatures. He noted that the effect increases linearly with the applied temperature difference and that it crucially depends on the choice of materials. Seebeck tested most of the available metallic materials for thermoelectricity. His studies were further systematized by the French physicist... 

Weak effects are produced with three conductors of the second class and without metal. This is not in contradiction with Volta s generalised law or principle ( 48 f.), according to which an electric current is produced by a circuit of at least three different conductors ( 53). We see now wherein the whole secret, the whole magic of galvanism lies. It is nothing but an artificial electricity set in motion by the contact of heterogeneous conductors ( 54). ... 

In another test, three high-Tg materials were evaluated through Interconnect Stress Test (1ST) testing. This particular test provided insight into the effect of thermal expansion and decomposition temperature on long-term reliability, as assessed by the 1ST method. The 1ST test method uses an electric current to heat test coupons that contain a network of plated through holes. The test samples are generally preconditioned several times to simnlate exposure to... 

A three-phase system has three current-carrying conductors in close proximity. While the conductors of phases R and B will have an almost identical impedance, with the same skin and the proximity effects, the conductor of phase Kis under the cumulative effect of electric fields... 

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