Thiophene materials

This is the rate at which the hydrogen reacts. From the stoichiometry of the reaction, the rate at which the thiophene reacts is Thus this term replaces the >/4 k°CAL term in equation 4.45 for the thiophene material balance which then becomes ... 

Equation 4.48 for the thiophene material balance therefore becomes ... 

Four solvent-soluble poly(aniline-co-thiophene) materials have been prepared by coupling thiophene derivatives with 4-n-butyl aniline using palladium acetate as catalyst. Mn s of up to 17,500 daltons with a PDI of 1.1 were obtained. 

The choice to focus on the eloctroluminescence of oligomeric thiophene materials is due to the fact that there has been little progress in polythiophenes as electroluminescent materials from earlier studies (Braun et al., 1992 Berggren et al., 1994 Barta et al., 1998) to more recent investigations (Charas et al., 2001 Pasini et al., 2003 Cheylan et al., 2007 Melucci et al., 2007). 

Application in displays is only one among the several possible technological developments of oligomeric thiophene materials. Another important application is in the lighting sector where the replacement of standard white sources with flat organic devices is currently a matter of intense research. 

Thiophenes can be utilized as synthetic scaffolds for the preparation of non-thiophene materials as the sulfur moiety can be removed by reduction (desulfurization) or extrusion (loss of SO2). The extrusion of sulfur dioxide from 3-sulfolenes (23-dihydrothiophene 1,1-dioxides) gives dienes (butadienes or o-quinodimethanes) which can be utilized in... 

Thiophene materials for unconventional and advanced electroluminescent applications... 

Ten years ago, the only predecessor of this book. Handbook of Oligo- and Polythiophenes, edited by Denis Fichou, was published by Wiley. Since then, a number of important advances, new approaches and new applications have emerged in thousands of peer-reviewed papers and patents. The time has come to reassess the achievements and outline the perspectives of the field. Several authors in that first handbook, other key players and emerging new names in the field have lent us their help, contributing their review chapters to the present book. It is due to their diligent efforts that we are proud to announce the most comprehensive and up-to-date resource covering all important aspects of conjugated thiophene materials. 

The main concepts associated with the development of photovoltaic cells and the important role of poly thiophene materials in this technology are introduced in Chapter 18 by Frederik Krebs and Suren Gevorgyan. 

Research on organic/polymeric FETs has not been confined to oligothiophene/ poly thiophene materials. Important advances have been made with other classes of materials such as fullerenes [12, 13], fused ring compounds such as pentacene [14, 15], and the phthalocyanines. While most of this chapter is focused on oligo-and poly-thiophene FETs, there are a few brief discussions of FETs with other organic materials to illustrate some key points. 

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