Thiophene-based materials

Since thiophenes are regarded as being good substructures for organic electronic materials, phosphorylthiophenes are taken as reference compounds for thiophene based materials [45] and phosphorylthiophenes such as 16 are employed as synthetic intermediates for phosphoryl substituted organic electronic materials such as oligothiophenes or thienylene bridged donors (Scheme 26) [46],... 

G. Barbarella, L. Favaretto, M. Zambianchi, O. Pudova, C. Arbizzani, A. Bongini, and M. Mastragostino, From easily oxidized to easily reduced thiophene-based materials, Adv. 

Barbarella, G., M. Melucci, and G. Sotgiu. 2005. The versatile thiophene An overview of recent research on thiophene-based materials. Adv Mater 17 1581-1593. 

Perepichka, l.F. and Perepichka, D.F. (eds) (2009) Handbook (f Thiophene-Based Materials Applications in Organic Electronics and Photonics, John Wiley Sons, Ltd, Chichester. 

Handbook of Thiophene-based Materials Applications in Organic Electronics and Photonics Edited by Igor F. Perepichka and Ehnitiii F. Po-epichka 2009 John Wley Sons, Ltd... 

Handbook of Thiophene-based Materials Applications in Organic Electronics and Photonics... 

As stated above, among the basic -conjugated systems, thiophene-based materials, in particular oligo-and polythiophenes, have attracted intense interest among researchers aU over the world and have actually... 

The first example of a fused thiophene-based material was reported by Wudl et al. in 1984 [303]. In this pioneering work, poly(isothianaphthene) (PITN) (P3.1) was synthesized by electrochemical polymerization of isothianaphthene, also named benzo[c]thiophene. Both theoretical and experimental investigations [302, 304, 305] have demonstrated that the fused benzene ring in benzo[c]thiophene increases the quinoid character of the electronic ground-state in PITN, causing a bandgap of 1.0 eV, which is about half that... 

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