Thin film crystalline

A concept gaining support is a hybrid approach to making thick crystalline silicon efficient in thin layers. Although conventional crystalline silicon cells have gone from 400—600-p.m thick to 200—300-p.m, thin-film crystalline silicon cells have reached 10% efficiency while being only 10-p.m thick. 

Brousse T., Retoux R., Herterich U., Schleich D.M. Thin-Film Crystalline Sn02-Lithium Electrodes. J. of Electrochemical Society, 1998 145 1-4. 

A list of previous books and reviews on block copolymers is given in the bibliography. There have been no authored books in the field since the volume by Noshay and McGrath in 1977, and this was primarily concerned with the chemistry and materials science. Most of the literature consists of outdated edited books, although a number of review articles have appeared recently. The field has advanced rapidly during the last two decades, with major new theoretical developments, discoveries of new morphologies and the initiation of research in new fields such as thin films, crystalline solids and gels in concentrated solutions. It is thus hoped that this book is timely and fulfils the need for an up-to-date summary of the fundamental physics of block copolymers. 

Crystalline solar cells are heavy and expensive to manufacture. However, their efficiency in converting sunlight has historically been superior to thin-film. Crystalline cells are constructed with silicon semiconducting materials. 

IMEC is conducting research on thin-film crystalline Si solar cells, Gas solar cells, and on new materials and technologies such as plastic solar cells to improve the efficiency and cost of solar cells [135]. 

G-15 Best research cell efficiencies for multijunction concentrator, thin-film, crystalline silicon, and emerging photovoltaic technologies, 236... 

McCann, M.J. Catchpole, K.R. Weber, K.J. Blakers, A.W. A review of thin-film crystalline silicon for solar cell applications. Part 1. Native substrates. Solar Energy Mater. Solar Cells 2001, 68 (2), 135-171. 

Petermann JH, Ohrdes T, Altermatt PP, Eidelloth S, Brendel R (2012b) 19% efficient thin-film crystalline silicon solar cells from layer transfer using porous silicon a loss analysis by means of three-dimensional simulations. IEEE Trans Electron Devices 59(4) 909-917 Poortmans J, Beaucame G, Sivoththaman S (2000) Study of Si deposition in a batch-type LPCVD-system for industrial thin-film crystalline Si solar cells. In Conference record of the twenty-eighth IEEE photovoltaic specialists conference - 2000 (Cat. No.00CH37036), Anchorage, 2000. IEEE, New York, pp. 347-350... 

Tayanaka H, Matsushita T (1996) Separation of thin epitaxial films on porous Si for solar cells. In Proceedings of the 6th Sony research forum, Tokyo, 1996. Sony, Tokyo, p 556 Tayanaka H, Yamauchi K, Matsushita T (1998) Thin-film crystalline silicon solar cells obtained by separation of a porous silicon sacrificial layer. In 2nd WCPVSEC, Vienna, 1998. Joint Research Centre European Commission, Ispra, pp 1272-1277... 

Krichen M, Zouari A, BenArab A (2009) A simple analytical model of thin films crystalline silicon solar cell with quasi-monocrystalline porous silicon at the backside. Microelectron J 40 120-125... 

Brousse T, Retoux R, Herterich U, Schleich DM (1998) Thin-film crystalline Sn02-lithium electrodes. J Electrochem Soc 145 1 ... 

P. Bermel, C. Luo, L. Zeng, L. C. Kimerling, J. D. Joannopoulos, Improving thin-film crystalline silicon solar cell efBciencies with photonic crystals. Opt. Express 15(25), 16986-17000 (2007)... 

Thin-Film Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells... 

Brousse, T., Retoux, R., Herterich, U., Schleich, D.M. 1998. Thin-film crystalline SnOj-lithium electrodes. J Electrochet, . 145 1-4. 

Hong S., MacKnight W. J., Russell T. P., and Gido S. P. (2001a) Orientationally registered crystals in thin film crystalline/amorphous block copolymers. Macromolecules 34 2398-2399. 

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