Thermosets poly imide

Pinson DM, Yandek GR, Haddad TS, Horstman EM, Mabry JM. Thermosetting poly(imide silsesquioxane)s featuring reduced moisture affinity and improved processability. Macromolecules 2013 46(18) 7363-77. 

Polydmines, urea thermosetting resins, poly(amides), and poly(imides)... 

In the early 1960s, a new class of addition polymer and addition poly(imide)s was developed by the Rhone Poulenc company. The most important of these were /jw-maleimides (BMI) [12, 13], which could be crosslinked or copolymerized to form thermosets with outstanding thermal and chemical resistance. These materials cure without volatile by-products, thereby, minimizing the formation of voids, and have high glass transition temperatures and low moisture absorption. The major uses of this class of resin is in advanced composites and printed circuit boards. 

Thermosetting poly(ester-imide)s have been known for more than 35 years and are a class of mature polymers. Good thermal and mechanical properties, easy processing and acceptable prices are the reasons for the large tonnage of this polymers used as electrical insulating materials world-wide. A replacement by other polymers in this application field is unrealistic for now and the near future. 

Different thermally induced cross-linking approaches have been investigated, such as the formation of sol-gel networks [93,94] or reactions resulting in poly-imides [95] and maleimides [96]. Thermoset PU have been widely studied for EO applications [92,97]. Zhang et al. synthesized a high /i/Lderived isophorone-derived... 

Almost all film adhesives used in electronics assembly are either epoxies or poly-imides on a glass fabric carrier. Eihn adhesives may be thermoplastic or thermosetting... 

Poly(amide imide)s (PAI)s have been used in the late 1960s as wire coating materials.Soon afterwards this class of polymers were considered for aerospace applications." Varieties with urethane units and ester units have been discussed. Now various grades, suitable for extrusion and injection molding are available. Thermosetting types are also on the market. PAIs are in between poly(amide)s (PA)s and poly(imide) (PI) in their properties. 

Water offers environmental and economic benefits. However, there emerges one disadvantage of this method, as the process is complete in one step. The aqueous poly(imide) synthesis route results in products that are not processable, if the resulting PI is insoluble and infusible [35]. Alternatively, fluorinated monomers can be used to get processable and high-temperature stable products. Or else, low-molecular-weight intermediate thermoset products could be produced. 

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