Thermoplastics examples

Other fluorine-containing plastics These materials, in general, attempt to compromise between the exceptional end-use properties of p.t.f.e. and the processability of ordinary thermoplastics. Examples include polychlor-trifluorethylene, tetrafluorethylene-hexafluorpropylene copolymers (FEP resins) and polyvinylidene fluoride. Polyvinyl fluoride is available in film form (Tedlar) with excellent weathering resistance. 

Table 4.63 Perfluorinated thermoplastics examples of chemical beharionr at room temperature...

Chiefari J, Dao B, Groth AM, Hodgkin JH. Water as solvent in polyimide synthesis thermoset and thermoplastic examples. High Perform Polym 2003 15(3) 269-79. 

It is essential to have a safe process during the whole bioplastic life cycle. PHB has been described as the first real thermoplastic example obtained from a biotechnological process that is actually biodegradable. Although PHB is stable in a natural environment, its degradability rate is very high under processing and fusion conditions. 

Frontal polymerization can be achieved with a variety of monomers and has been studied with thermosets and thermoplastics. Examples include n-butyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, styrene, dodecyl acrylate and hexyl acrylate. If the front is ascending, the monomer inmiediately above the front is lower in density because of the temperature gradient than the bulk monomer and so simple convection can occur for a thermoset (/P) or a thermoplastic. 20) A descending front with a thermoset is stable but a thermoplastic is unstable because even though the polymer is very hot, it is more dense than the unreacted monomer. This leads to the Rayleigh-Taylor instability. 16,21)... 

Surface Treatment—Engineering Thermoplastics (Examples of Representative Commercial Materials). 

In practice, synthetic polymers are sometimes divided into two classes, thermosetting and thermo-plMtic. Those polymers which in their original condition will fiow and can be moulded by heat and pressime, but which in their finished or cured state cannot be re softened or moulded are known as thermo setting (examples phenol formaldehyde or urea formaldehyde polymer). Thermoplastic polymers can be resoftened and remoulded by heat (examples ethylene polymers and polymers of acrylic esters). 

Hot-Melt Adhesives. Hot-melt adhesives are 100% nonvolatile thermoplastic materials that can be heated to a melt and then appHed as a hquid to an adherend. The bond is formed when the adhesive resolidifies. The oldest example of a hot-melt adhesive is sealing wax. 

A series of compounded flame retardants, based on finely divided insoluble ammonium polyphosphate together with char-forming nitrogenous resins, has been developed for thermoplastics (52—58). These compounds are particularly useful as iatumescent flame-retardant additives for polyolefins, ethylene—vinyl acetate, and urethane elastomers (qv). The char-forming resin can be, for example, an ethyleneurea—formaldehyde condensation polymer, a hydroxyethylisocyanurate, or a piperazine—triazine resin. 

Extrusion. Like other thermoplastics. Teflon PEA resin exhibits melt fracture above certain critical shear rates. Eor example, samples at 372°C and 5-kg load show the following behavior ... 

MixedPhosphona.te Esters. Unsaturated, mixed phosphonate esters have been prepared from monoesters of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and unsaturated dicarboxyhc acids. Eor example, maleic anhydride reacts with this diol to form the maleate, which is treated with benzenephosphonic acid to yield an unsaturated product. These esters have been used as flame-retardant additives for thermoplastic and thermosetting resias (97). 

Examples of thermoplastic coatings an fluoropolymers, eg. Teflon or polyamides, eg, nylon. Thermosetting coatings are more resistant to ... 

It is axiomatic that sales analysis depends on detailed records of sales of a specific chemical to a specific company. Paramount to the success of such studies is the existence of data recorded on a systematic and continuous basis. It follows that these studies are done best by an ia-house staff on products already produced by the company. However, on occasion, a product new to the company can be studied by the ia-house group with the assistance of their field sales force. For example, a producer of polypropylene could use its people to secure data on the consumption of other thermoplastics by their customers. Such an exercise might identify opportunities for a new producer, but a more detailed marketing research study would probably be done before entry iato the new product area was made. 

A smaller but rapidly growing area is the use of PTMEG ia thermoplastic polyester elastomers. Formation of such polyesters iavolves the reaction of PTMEG with diacids or diesters. The diols become soft segments ia the resulting elastomeric materials. Examples of elastomeric PTMEG polyesters iaclude Hytrel (Du Pont) and Ecdel (Eastman Chemicals). 

An example of a sulfite ester made from thionyl chloride is the commercial iasecticide endosulfan [115-29-7]. A stepwise reaction of thionyl chloride with two different alcohols yields the commercial miticide, propaigite [2312-35-8] (189). Thionyl chloride also has appHcations as a co-reactant ia sulfonations and chlorosulfonations. A patent describes the use of thionyl chloride ia the preparation of a key iatermediate, bis(4-chlorophenyl) sulfone [80-07-9] which is used to make a commercial polysulfone engineering thermoplastic (see Polymers CONTAINING SULFUR, POLYSULFONe) (190). The sulfone group is derived from chlorosulfonic acid the thionyl chloride may be considered a co-reactant which removes water (see Sulfolanes and sulfones). 

---