Thermodynamics of Gas

In following the most direct path from the principles of thermodynamics to the understanding of equilibrium in chemical systems, we have bypassed many useful thermodynamic relations that involve the properties of perfect and imperfect gases. These are summarized in this chapter. 

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The thermodynamic potentials introduced differ from those in use in the thermodynamics of gases and fluids in the additional dx terms. For solids, it is convenient to introduce four additional thermodynamic potentials 4 7)... 

Benedek, P., and Olti, F. (1985). Computer Aided Chemical Thermodynamics of Gases and Liquids. New York John Wiley. 

P. Benedek and F. Olti, Conputer Aided Chemical Thermodynamics of Gases and Liquids Theory, Models and Programs, Wiley, New York, 1985. 

The following discussion is limited to the thermodynamics of gases and gas mixtures at ambient temperatures and total pressures near I bar. A perfect gas, i, by definition is one that obeys the gas law PVi = riiRT, where V, is the volume of the gas and rii the number of moles of the gas in that volume (cf. Carrels and Christ 1965). In the simple case where a specific number of moles of the gas i, is subject to a change in f or T under conditions for which the perfect gas law applies, we can determine the resultant change in V, through the expression P V /T = P2V2/T2, where the superscripts 1 and 2 denote initial and final conditions. We can use this expression to show that the volume of one mole of a perfect gas, which is 22.41 L at 0°C (273.15 K) becomes 24.46 L at 25 C (298.15 K). 

Continuum theories have a number of generic features, one of which is the use of some set of field variables for characterizing the disposition of the system of interest. In the context of the thermodynamics of gases, pressure, volume and temperature may suffice while for electromagnetic media, the electric and magnetic... 

In the first half of this part, the statistical thermodynamics of gases at moderate densities is reviewed and necessary formulas are derived. These formulas are combined, in the second half, with our model of the intermolecular potential to explain the compressibility data of gases. 

O Connell, J. P. 1971a. Molecular thermodynamics of gases in mixed solvents. American Institute of Chemical Engineers Journal. 17, 658. 

D. A. McQuarrie, Statistical Mechanics, Harper Row, New York, 1976. [This well-known book provides an extensive treatment of the statistical thermodynamics of gases, liquids, and sohds. Chapter 13 provides a comprehensive description of configurational integral equations. Also see the discussion in J. M. Ziman, Models of Disorder The Theoretical Physics of Homogeneously Disordered Systems, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1979.]... 

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