Thermodynamics of the water-gas shift and steam reforming reactions

Thermodynamics of the water-gas shift and steam reforming reactions 

These two reactions, which have been in industrial use for many decades, have equilibrium constants (Table 4.2) where it can be seen that the equilibrium 

It will be observed drat copper, which is easily oxidized or halogenated, is restricted as a catalyst to reactions where die oxygen potential is low, as in CO/CO2 mixtures containing an excess of CO. 

Steam reforming of CH4 CH4 + H2O = CO + 3H2 NH3 synthesis from the elements Hydrogenation of CO and CO2 to form hydrocarbons (Fischer-Tropsch syndresis) 

These elements can only be used at low oxygen potentials. 

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