Thermally-stimulated discharge

TSD (1) Thermoionic specific detector (2) Thermally stimulated discharge... 

Thermally stimulated discharging of electrets provides spectroscopic information similar to trap level spectroscopy most importantly, their density and the activation energy required for the relaxation process to proceed. 

Van Turnhout J, "Thermally Stimulated Discharge of Polymer Electrets", PhD Thesis, Leiden, 1972 as book published by Elsevier, Amsterdam (1975). 

Thermally stimulated discharge (TSD), 329 oxidation, 779, 781, 783 Thermochemical properties, 749 Thermodynamics of free radicals, 758 Thermoplastic(s), 29 elastomers, 37 Thermotropic, 35... 

Conductivity Direct current measurement, Dielectric measurement, Thermally Stimulated Discharge (TSD) method A—>C 46-49... 

Fig. 44 Thermally stimulated discharge (TSC) curves recorded at a heating rate of200 K/h of nonaged and aged compression-molded Ultem 1000 films. Films of 100 pm thickness were corona charged to +400 V for 20 s...

In addition to these four fundamental parameters, special electrical properties are recognised like piezo-, pyro-, ferro- and tribo-electricity and photo voltaic/conducting properties. The contribution in this chapter will be limited to three of the four fundamental parameters AC measurements (1A/1B) and DC measurements (2A). Besides, attention will be given to a kind of combination of AC and DC measurements the thermally stimulated discharge (TSD) analysis technique. An analysis technique used to detect relaxation phenomena in organic and anorganic materials. 

TSD experiments are performed using the measuring circuit shown in Figure 5.1. The experimental method is schematically drawn in Figure 5.28. The sample is heated to polarisation temperature (Tp), at time t an electrical field (B,) starts to polarise the sample. After a certain polarisation time (tpl) the temperature is decreased to T the polarisation is then frozen in. At temperature T (i.e. at time t,) the electrical field (E ) is removed and a small depolarisation current effect is measured. If this depolarisation effect has been vanished conpletely, the temperature is to increased linearly as a function of time and the thermally stimulated discharge current is recorded. 

The theory describing space charge depolarisation processes is conqplicated [38]. Equations like 5.39 describe the thermally stimulated discharge currents but contain more unknown variables which are depending of ... 

J. Van Turnhout. Thermally Stimulated Discharge of Polymer Electrets. Amsterdam, Elsevier Publ. Co., 1975. 

Shallow traps can, after being filled at lower temperatures by an electrical current, be thermally emptied by heating the crystal, and they then lead to an increase in the dark current. Figure 8.41 gives as an example the thermally-stimulated discharge current from the traps in an anthracene crystal whose electron traps were previously filled at a lower temperature the crystal was thus charged at a low temperature. The corresponding experiment was carried out with the same crystal also... 

Glass transition K By thermally stimulated discharge currents 223 (38)... 

Finally, temperature modulated thermally stimulated current analysis has been applied to study dielectric materials via the separation of reversible pyroelectric effects from nonreversing thermally stimulated discharges. 

ES, resonance electrostatic method FO, forced oscillation dynamic-mechanical analysis FV, free vibration TP, torsion pendulum TSC, thermally stimulated discharge current measurement D, dielectric VR, vibrating reed. 

J. van Tumhout, Thermally Stimulated Discharge of Polymer Electrets (Elevier, Amsterdam, 1975) J. Vanderschueren, M. Landang, J.M. Heuschen, Macromolecules 13, 973 (1980)... 

Thermally stimulated discharge experiments were also done on PS samples with different stereochemistry and placement of the phenyl groups along the chain (51). All PS samples showed 5 current maxima but they are not always... 

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