Transition thermal-phase

TABLE 5 NMR Characterization of Thermal Phase Transition in Zones I III of Phospholipid Bilayers... 

Figure 11. Spectral change of CgAzoCioN+Br cast film by thermal phase transition and proposed schematic model of the phase transition.

Fig. la, b. Schematic illustrations of chemical-induced phase transition of a polymer system. Thermal phase transition from state X to Y in the presence and absence of chemicals (a), and isothermal phase transition by chemicals (b)... 

Small-angle X-ray diffraction was used to identify the time-averaged location of amiodarone in a synthetic lipid bilayer. The drug was located about 6 A from the center of the lipid bilayer (Figure 4.13) [125, 126]. A dielectric constant of k = 2, which is similar to that of the bilayer hydrocarbon region, was used to calculate the minimum energy conformation of amiodarone bound to the membrane. The studies were performed below the thermal phase transition and at relatively low hydration of lipid. The calculated conformation differed from that of the crystal structure of amiodarone. Even though the specific steric effects of the lipid acyl chains on the confor-... 

Table HI. Thermal Phase Transitions for Side-Chain Monomers [HI] and...

A Raman study of thermal phase transitions for TlRe04 showed that the monoclinic form changed to orthorhombic at 170 K, and then to tetragonal at 150 K.271 Characteristic MO stretching modes were identified from the IR spectrum of (Np02)(Re04)(phen)(H20)2.272... 

Kokufuta E, Tanaka T. Biochemically controlled thermal phase transition of gels. Macromolecules 1991 24 1605-1607. 

The influence of catalyst calcination temperature was studied in the case of samarium phosphate as those products show a thermal phase transition between 600 and 700°C (ref. 10). Catalytic results are summarized in Table 3. 

From studies of the interactions between lipopolysaccharide and phosphatidyl ethanolamine in molecular monolayers at air-water interfaces, it was concluded that each lipopolysaccharide molecule is surrounded by approximately sixteen phosphatidyl ethanolamine molecules. The hydrocarbon chains of lipopolysaccharides can undergo a reversible thermal order-disorder transition, as shown by thermal phase-transition studies.The ordered conformation of lipopolysaccharides interpreted from wide angle JT-ray studies is considered less developed than that in normal phospholipid bilayers. 

The thermal phase transition observed for silica was mimicked chemically by appropriately choosing the geometry of the guest molecules. Tetrahedral and pseu-dotetrahedral guests select the H-cristobalite-like host (space group However, guests that have a... 

Physical properties of polymers include the degree of polymerization, molar mass distribution, crystallinity, as well as the thermal phase transitions ... 

There exists considerable evidence for the occurrence of thermal phase transitions in pure phospholipid membranes and intact biological membranes. At the transition temperature the following changes have been observed for a transition from the ordered to fluid state ... 

Multiblock copolymers comprising NIPAAm and N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAAm) with variable length of blocks of both components prepared by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization were also investigated and their phase behavior was found to exhibit protein-like behavior exhibiting intramolecular collapse upon heating, forming unimolecular flower-like micelles above the thermal phase transition temperature." ... 

XUJ Xu, J., Ye, J., and Liu, S., Synthesis of well-defined cyclic poly(A/-isopropyl aciylamide) via click chemistry and its unique thermal phase transition behavior. Macromolecules, 40, 9103, 2007. 

Decrease-rate dependent thermal phase transition... 

Thermal phase transitions have also been revealed in liquid crystal obtained from various tissues (Table 1). Not surprisingly, with thermal stage temperature increase, the birefringent liquid crystal droplets transit to non-refracting isotropic droplets. With temperature decrease, the liquid crystal droplets transit into crystal. However, when the isotropic droplets cool, two different results, controllable by rate of temperature decrease, were possible. If the rate of temperature drop is fast (the slide is placed on a 4°C plate), then the isotropic droplets will transition into liquid-crystals. However, if the rate of temperature decrease is slow (temperature is allowed to drop in step with the slowly cooling cop>per thermo-controller) then the isotropic droplets will transit to crystal (Figure 3). This finding... 

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