Thermal degradation pyrolysis

Phosphonium salts are typically stable crystalline soHds that have high water solubiUty. Uses include biocides, flame retardants, the phase-transfer catalysts (98). Although their thermal stabiUty is quite high, tertiary phosphines can be obtained from pyrolysis of quaternary phosphonium haUdes. The hydroxides undergo thermal degradation to phosphine oxides as follows ... 

Pyrolysis. 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane, like the 1,1,1,2-isomer, is thermally degraded with or without a catalytic agent to give trichloroethylene. 

Extensive research has been conducted to determine the thermal-decomposition properties of polymers, the products of their degradation, and the kinetics involved in their reaction during pyrolysis (Ml). Complete comprehension of the mechanism involved in thermal degradation requires, among other facts, knowledge of these three fundamental aspects ... 

Applications Applications of IC extend beyond the measurement of anions and cations that initially contributed to the success of the technique. Polar organic and inorganic species can also be measured. Ion chromatography can profitably be used for the analysis of ionic degradation products. For example, IC permits determination of the elemental composition of additives in polymers from the products of pyrolysis or oxidative thermal degradation. The lower detection limit for additives in polymers are 0.1% by PyGC... 

Many of the aforementioned techniques are not appropriate to direct mass-spectrometric analyses of intact high-MW and heat-labile compounds. For such samples, thermal degradation techniques (analytical pyrolysis) can be performed to generate more-volatile compounds of lower molecular weight that are amenable... 

The thermal degradation of B-trianilinoborazine, when conducted in ammonia even below 215°C, produced 87.7% of the available aniline. This was brought up to 92.3% by further pyrolysis at 275-299 C which compares with the maximum of 53% observed under... 

Mass spectrometry (MS) coupled with pyrolysis has been a key technique in detecting the thermal degradation products of polymers, and thereby elucidating their thermal decomposition pathways [69]. In pyrolysis-MS, a sample is thermally decomposed in a reproducible manner by a pyrolysis source that is interfaced with a mass spectrometer. The volatile products formed can then be analysed either as a mixture by MS or after separation by GC/MS [70]. 

Jabarin and Lofgren 142 Overall thermal degradation and COOH formation Pyrolysis, oxidation No 275-350 117 (overall, air) 159 (overall, vacuum) 84 (COOH, air) 113 (COOH, vacuum)... 

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