The use of carbonate sand as fill

As stated before, despite some of their properties being outside the range of more common soils, carbonate sands can satisfactorily be used as a bulk fill provided that the design takes these deviating parameters into account. Ample experience, in particular in the Middle East, confirms that land reclamation with carbonate sand may result in a fill mass with appropriate mechanical properties. 

The following sections describe some of the engineering problems related to the use of carbonate sands as a fill. 

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