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The Discovery of Polonium

The discovery of polonium by Marie Curie in 1898 is a story that has been told many... [Pg.747]

Presently. 24 isotopes of actinium, with mass numbers ranging from 207 to 2.30, have been identified. All are radioactive. One year after the discovery of polonium and radinm by the Curies, A. Debierne found an unidentified radioactive substance in the residue after treatment of pitchblende. Debierne named the new material actinium after the Greek word for ray. F. Giesel, independently in 1902, also found a radioactive material in the rare-earth extracts of pitchblende. He named... [Pg.26]

Becquerel s student Marie Sklodowska Curie (1867-1934) and her husband, Pierre Curie (1859-1906), began to investigate this new phenomenon and were aided in their examination of the elements for radioactivity by the loan of some rare elements such as thorium. Only uranium and thorium seemed to have this property, but this led them to investigate the components of the mineral pitchblende. Pitchblende was composed primarily of uranium oxide, but the results of the ionization tests seemed to indicate that it had was more ionizing power than could be accounted for by uranium alone. After months of purification and separation work, in July 1898 they announced the discovery of polonium, named after Poland, Marie Curie s homeland. By December, further work led to the discovery of a second new element, which they named radium. The Curies, along with Becquerel, were awarded the Nobel Prize for... [Pg.93]

Nobel Prize. Marie and Pierre Curie and the Discovery of Polonium and Radium, Available online. URL http //nobelprize. org/nobel prizes/physics/articles/curie/index.html. [Pg.94]

FIGURE 311. First page of Pierre and Marie Curie s paper announcing the discovery of polonium in pitchblende and inventing the word radioactive (Comptes Rendus, 127 175, 1898). [Pg.540]

The discovery and the history of radioactivity is closely connected to that of modern science. In 1896 Antoine Henri Becquerel observed and described the spontaneous emission of radiation by uranium and its compounds. Two years later, in 1898, the chemical research of Marie and Pierre Curie led to the discovery of polonium and radium. [Pg.298]

Fay, M.D., S, T., 1733. A letter from Mons. Du Fay, F. R. S. and of the Royal Academy of Sciences at Paris, to His grace Charles Duke of Richmond and Lenox, concerning electricity. Translated from the French by T. S. M D. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. 38 (427-435), 258-266. Available at http //rstl.royalsocietypubhshing.org/cgi/doi/10.1098/rstl.1733.0040. Froman, N., 1996. Marie and Pierre Curie and the Discovery of Polonium and Radium. Nobelprize.org. Available at http //nobelprize.org/nobel prizes/physics/articles/cnrie/ (accessed 21.02.11). [Pg.14]

Below readers will see for themselves how accurate were Mendeleev s predictions of the properties of a heavy analogue of tellurium. But these predictions had only an indirect effect on the history of polonium, if any. The discovery of polonium (and then radium) proved to be a significant milestone in the science of radioactivity and gave an impetus to its development. [Pg.175]

Was it just a chance that polonium and radium were the first to be discovered among radioactive elements The answer is apparently no. Owing to its long half-life radium can be accumulated in uranium ores. Polonium has a short half-life (138 days) but it emits characteristic high-intensity alpha radiation. Though the discovery of polonium gave rise to a controversy it soon died off. [Pg.180]

Before the discovery of polonium and radium there were seven empty slots in the periodic system between bismuth and uranium. While the number of newly found radioactive elements was small there were no problems with their location in the periodic system. But emanations were a baffling problem. They had identical properties and therefore could not be assigned to different boxes of the periodic system, for instance, to the two empty boxes corresponding to the unknown heavy analogues of iodine and cesium. This would be an unnatural thing to do. [Pg.184]

The first researchers of radioactivity disagreed on this account. The Curies and Debieme assumed that all new radioactive substances were elementary in nature, and, hence, were new chemical elements. The discoveries of polonium, radium, and actinium, apparently, supported this viewpoint and these scientists stubbornly adhered to it even when numerous reports on discoveries of new radioactive substances started to pour in. But this stubbornness only fuelled the controversy. [Pg.186]

In 1911, after the discovery of polonium and radium the year before, the Curies received another Nobel Prize, this time for chemistry for their continued work. [Pg.151]

Marie Sklodowska Curie, born in Warsaw, Poland, began her doctoral work with Henri Becquerel soon after he discovered the spontaneous radiation emitted by uranium salts.She found this radiation to be an atomic property and coined the word radioactivity for it. In 1903 the Curies and Becquerel were awarded the Nobel Prize in physics for their discovery of radioactivity.Three years later, Pierre Curie was killed in a carriage accident.Marie Curie continued their work on radium and in 1911 was awarded the Nobel Prize in chemistry for the discovery of polonium and radium and the isolation of pure radium metal.This was the first time a scientist had received two Nobel awards. (Since then two others have been so honored.)... [Pg.295]

Fromen, N., Marie and Pierre Curie and the discovery of polonium and radium, Nobelprize.org, The official web site of the Nobel Prize, http //nobelprize.org/nobelj)rizes/physics/articles/curie/... [Pg.154]


See other pages where The Discovery of Polonium is mentioned: [Pg.146]    [Pg.2]    [Pg.19]    [Pg.1185]    [Pg.502]    [Pg.63]   


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