Thalamic afferents

Thalamic afferents in the striatum from the parafascicular/intralaminar nuclei are organized relative to the patch matrix compartments (Beckstead 1985 Berendse et al. 1988 Herkenham and Pert 1981 Xu et al. 1991). Inputs from the parafascicular/ centromedian thalamic nuclei provide inputs directed to the matrix compartment. Inputs to the striatal patch compartment arise from more restricted parts of the intralaminar thalamic nuclei. 

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Apart from neuronal inputs originating in the cortex, thalamic afferents (see Fig. 22.5) come from ... 

Young-Davies CL, Bennett-Clarke CA, Lane RD, Rhoades RW. Selective facilitation of the serotonin (IB) receptor causes disorganization of thalamic afferents and barrels in somatosensory cortex of rat. J Comp Neurol 2000 425 130-138. 

Bennett-Clarke CA, Leslie MJ, Lane RD, Rhoades RW. Effect of serotonin depletion on vibrissa-related patterns of thalamic afferents in the rat s somatosensory cortex. J Neurosci 1994 14 7594-7607. 

Similar to all the other thalamic afferent inputs, basal ganglia outputs give off collaterals to the thalamic reticular nucleus traversing this nucleus to enter the thalamus... 

Farb CR, LeDoux JE (1997) NMDA and AMPA receptors in the lateral nucleus of the amygdala are postsynaptic to auditory thalamic afferents. Synapse 27 106-121. 

Berendse HW, Voorn P, te Kortschot A, Groenewegen HJ (1988) Nuclear origin of thalamic afferents of the ventral striatum determines their relation to patch/matrix configurations in enkephalin-immunoreactivity in the rat. J. Chem. Neuroanat., 1, 3-10. 

Jhaveri, S., Erzurumlu, R.S. and Crossin, K.L. (1991) Barrel construction in rodent neocortex role of thalamic afferents versus extracellular matrix molecules. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88 4489 93. 

Maintenance of these frequencies relies on the degree of depolarisation of the thalamic neurons (Jahnsen and Elinas 1985) and this, in turn, depends on the nature and intensity of their afferent inputs. The NspRTN and other thalamic nuclei receive reciprocal inputs from the cortex and it is possible that it is the ensuing oscillations in neuronal activity in this circuit between the cortex and thalamus that give rise to the sleep spindle waves in stages 2-4. In fact, it has been suggested that the stronger and clearer these oscillations become, the more likely it is that there will be loss of consciousness. 

Smith Y, Bennett BD, Bolam JP, Parent A, Sadikot AF. 1994. Synaptic relationships between dopaminergic afferents and cortical or thalamic input in the sensorimotor territory of the striatum in monkey. J Comp Neurol 344 1-19. 

DA modulates in the STh neurons the activity of the glutamatergic cortical afferents and GABAergic pallidal afferents (Hamani et al., 2004). Dopaminergic terminals, which contact mainly the neck of dendritic spines, establish synaptic contacts with the distal dendrites of STh neurons. These receive synaptic input also from thalamic fibers deriving from the intralaminar nuclei, serotonergic input deriving from the dorsal raphe nucleus and glutamatergic input from the motor cortex. Inhibitory pallidal afferents innervate mostly the proximal dendrites and the cell body of STh neurons. 

Groenewegen HJ (1988) Organization of the afferent connections of the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus in the rat, related to the mediodorsal-prefrontal topography. Neuroscience 27 379-431. 

Herkenham M (1979) The afferent and efferent connections of the ventromedial thalamic nucleus in the rat. J Comp Neurol 753 487—518. 

Otake K, Ruggiero DA (1995) Monoamines and nitric oxide are employed by afferents engaged in midline thalamic regulation. J Neurosci 73 1891-1911. 

Russchen FT, Amaral DG, Price JL (1987) The afferent input to the magnocellular division of the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus in the monkey, Macaca fascicularis. J Comp Neurol 256 175-210. 

Dletlqrlamlnoethyl benzllate had no significant effect on the knee-jerk or flexor reflex In the eat (212) when Injected into curarlzed cats. It altered the predominant frequency of the EE6 from 40 per second to 8-lS per second and Induced enlarged discharges. The changes In the potentials recorded from the brain were seen in records from both cortical and subcortical regions. Electric arousal consequent to peripheral or thalamic stimulation of cerebral afferent fibers was blocked by dlectqrlamlnoetlqrl benzllate, but recruitment of cortical neurons by stimulation of the thalamus was not affected. 

Emmers R, Benjamin RM, Blomquist AJ. 1962. Thalamic localization of afferents from the tongue in albino rats. J Comp Neurol 118 43-48. 

Hamori J, Takacs J, Verley R, Petrusz P, Farkas-Bargeton E (1990) Pla,sticity of GABA- and glutamate-containing terminals in the mouse thalamic ventrobasal complex deprived of vibrissal afferents an immunogold-electronmi-croscopic study. J Comp Neurol 502 739-748. 

Localization of mGluR7a immunoreactivity in axon terminals was also observed in primary afferent fibers terminating in laminae I and II of the spinal dorsal horn of the rat (Ohishi et al., 1995b), in the islands of Calleja (Kinoshita et al., 1998), and in layer I of the piriform cortex of the rat (Kinzie et al., 1997 Wada et al., 1998). It was reported, however, that mGluR7 immunoreactivity was seen occasionally in somatodendritic domains of neurons in the hippocampus, locus coeruleus, cerebellum, and thalamic nuclei of the rat (Bradley et al., 1998). 

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