Texture chaotic

Texture is important in polymer processing because (a) laminar and even chaotic distributive mixing inevitably lead to it, (b) many products are visually examined for lack of texture or for a certain desired texture, and (c) mechanical properties of blends depend on the texture of the mixture. 

Fixed mass Flow Chaotic Explosive General textures... 

The general structure of the proposed taxonomy is summarised in Table 6.1. The term instrument is used below to refer to specific Chaosynth set-ups that produce the sounds of the respective categories. There are currently five general classes Fixed mass, Flow, Chaotic, Explosive and General textures. 

Fig. 1.8. a The heterogeneous texture of large hepatocellular carcinomas is shown in this example which is typically hypervascular on colour Doppler, b The complex, chaotic pattern of the malignant neovasculature is well demonstrated... 

All the shapes mentioned above can consist of different textures. A sheet geometry, for example, can contain several textures simultaneously, e.g. a chaotic texture and a parallel texture side by side. On the other hand, there is no texture that is restricted only to a certain shape. Prograding textures, for example, can occur in almost all shapes. 

Chaotic Texture (Figure 9). A chaotic texture is characterised by discontinuous, discordant reflections suggesting a disordered arrangement of reflection surfaces. Chaotic textures can represent a wide range of features like slumped areas, reefs and carbonate mounds, cut-and-fiU channel complexes, and highly faulted and folded areas. 

Fig. 10. Different channel fiU textures (a) onlap fill, (b) mounded onlap fill, (c) divergent fill, (d) prograded fiU, (e) chaotic fiU, and (f) complex fill (modified after...

Channels can show different types of textures due to various Ailing mechanisms and size, aspect ratio, sinuosity, etc. We can differentiate onlap All, prograded fill (progradational clinoforms can have all the shapes described in Subsection 4.2), mounded onlap fill (in this case the channel top is convex upward), chaotic fill, divergent fill, and complex fill. 

Fig. 11. Different textures of mounds upward complex, and (c) chaotic.

By using this measure, regions with low consistency in the estimate typically correspond to regions with chaotic signal patterns. Hence, this measure is a suitable attribute for chaotic texture. This attribute is shown in Figures 4 (d) and 5(b). The chaos texture attribute is inherently dip- and azimuth-invariant, in addition to being amplitude-invariant. This invariance is crucial and allows us to select whether to explicitly accommodate for these properties in the analysis. Dip, azimuth and amplitude may require special treatment. 

Fig. 4. [Reproduced in colour in Plate 5 on page 423.] An example of a seismic cube with a chaotic pattern representing a gas chimney is shown in (a), its dip and Eizimuth attributes in (b) and (c) and a chaos texture attribute highlighting the gas migration path in (d).

In the 2D case, a cross-section from an azimuth attribute cube [16] can be used as input data. An attribute is defined as a mathematical operator, or a composition of operators, capturing properties from seismic data. The azimuth attribute has, together with other attributes, such as dip, chaotic texture and continuity, been successfully applied to mapping carbonate reef structures, gas chimneys, channels, fans, faults etc. 

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